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LAKE QEOR-QE 

AND 

LAKE CMAMI>LAIN 

(ILLUSTRATED) 

A BOOK OF TO-DAY 

BY 
S. R. STODDARD 

Forty-First Annual Edition 



GLENS FALLS. N Y. 
PUBLISHED BY THE AUTHOR 

Copyright. 1906. by S. R. Stoddard 



J- 1^ 

fNDfiX MAP OF^ LAICe2 GEORGE^ 

For North Bound Travelers. 



French Mountain . 

Crosbyside 

St Mary's 

Dunham s Bay 

Assembly Poi t . . 

Ilipley s Po nt 

^ heldon's Point.... 
Kattskill Bay 
Pilot Mount.i n. 
Buvk ivluunt I D — 

Dome Island 

14 Milel-la d 

S elving Rojk Vit 
Hundred Is. IIou.sc. 

Pearl Point 

TbP Narrows (Map 

Mt. Erebus 

Black Mount in 



::-* 



The Elephant. 



Hulett's Landing 

Bluff Head 

Odel Islands 



Blair's Bay 

Anthony's Nose Mt. 
Mount Defiance 



Steamboai- Ldg 
Ticonderoga Ttuins 



K 



w 



j-S^ff- 



JADBfJON JWNC, 



. Williams' Monum r. 

Bloody Pond 

Pio.spectMt. 

(aldwell 

lea islai-d 

Liamoi.d Island 

11 11 View 

Canoe Islands 

Long Island 

Ma ion Douse 

B: s n Bay 

KecluseJshind 

Lake V i« w Hous-e 

The AlMt)nquin 

Boltoii I andiiig 

The Sagamoi e. Gi een I. 

Cr<.wn Island 

Montcalm Point 

Ganouski Bay 

. . .Tongue Mountain 
Three Mile Mount'n 
Halfway Island 

. . Mother Bunch Is. 

Harbor Islands 

Vi. ar s Island 

Deer's I eap Mt 

SabbaihDa Point 

Hotel Uncas 

Silver Bay 

Scotch Bonnet 



Hague 

I 1 ind Harbor 
Fiiend's Point 



Rogers' Slide 

Koge s' hock Hotel 
Baldwin 



Titonderoga 



North End of Lake. 
o». • Southbound travelers read up. 



CONTENTS. 



GLENS FALLS— Pages 25 to 35. 

LAKE GEORGE— Pages 9 to 25, 38 to 120. 

Index Map of Lake George — Page 6. 

In general, historical, camping, hunting, fish- 
ing, etc.. Page 9. Caldwell, 38. Roads and 
drives, 37. Steam Boats, 52. Down the Lake, 

49. Kattskill Bay, 56. Bolton. 70. The Nar- 
rows, 79. Hulett's Landing, 77. Sabbath Day- 
Point, 92. Silver Bay, 80-B. Hague, 80-F. 
Rogers' .Rock, 115. Baldwin, 116. Ticonder- 
oga, 118. 

LAKE CHAM PLAIN— Pages 121 to 173. 
Index Map of Lake Champlain — Page 119. 
Lake Champlain in general, 120. Whitehall, 
122. Ticonderoga Ruins, 136. Crown Point, 
138. Port Henry, 144. Westport, 141. Bur- 
lington, 161. Port Kent, 155. Au Sable 
Chasm. 157. Bluff Point, 159. Plattsburg, 
161. Rouse's Point, 164. Islands of Lake 
Champlain, 165. 

SARATOGA SPRINGS— Page 175. 

HOTELS— 167. 

GENERAL INDEX— 200-203. 







riiMi 



^5 J" 



LAKE GEORGE 




AKE GEORGE ! How the 
heart bounds and the pulse 
quickens at sound of the 
words that bring with them 
thoughts of the ' ' Holy 
Lake:" In fancy again we 
breathe the air, heavy with 
the odor of pines and cedar, 
or fragrant with the breath 
of blossoming clover. Again 
we wander among the 
daisies and buttercups that 
gem the hill-side sloping so gently down to where 
the wavelets kiss the white beach, or, floating among 
the verdant islands, watch the sunlight and shadow 
chase each other over the mountain 

A memory of the past comes to me as I write of 
good old days now past and gone; when lumber- 
ing coaches toiled heavily along where now go 
swiftly glancing trains; of tally-ho, now crowded 
out by monsters breathing fire and smoke; of 
sounding plank in place of shining lines of steel. 
More comfortable now undoubtedly are its luxuri- 
ous cars, but the poetry has gone with the dear 
old stages, and the new things of the day have 
made the going commonplace. 



6 LAKE GEORGE 

Changes about its shores have also come with time, 
but in changeless form the hills still hang above it 
and rightfully and becomingly it still holds its proud 
title "Queen of American Waters." 

Lying along the south-eastern margin of the Adi- 
rondacks it has gathered within itself a part of all 
the beauties of the Great Wilderness, combining the 
grandeur of its widest mountain lakes with the quiet 
loveliness of its peaceful valleys. The graceful foli- 
age of Keene Valley, the rounded headlands of the 
queenly Raquette, the repose of stately Placid, the 
rugged grandeur of dark Avalanche, have each their 
counterpart here, all blended in one grand harmoni- 
ous whole. 

Its water of marvelous purity has a distinctive color 
of its own. The Raquette River flows red and the 
Opalescent amber while this, in its shaded depths, 
is a positive green. Its tributary streams are few and 
short — spring-born in the encircling hills for it is itself 
but a great overflowing spring resting in the hollow 
of the verdure-covered rocks. Islands rear them- 
selves in solitary grandeur, or are gathered in dainty 
clusters on its face. Of old it was said there was an 
island for every day in the year and an additional 
mysterious, illusive, little sprite of a one that appeared 
only in the years divisible by four, but the unimagin- 
ative survey of 1880 proved that there were but 220 
including every considerable rock around which the 
water breaks. Its surface is 346 feet above tide and 
247 feet above Lake Champlain into which, at the 
north, with many a wild leap and rapid race, it empties. 

During July and August, Lake George teems with 
nomadic life in all its caried forms. White tents gleam 
among the dark-green foliage ; vagrant comnumi- 
ties appear and disappear as if by magic; lonely isl- 
ands are suddenly astir with busy throngs; its some- 
times solitudes resound with joyous shoutings, as 0I 



LAKE GEORGE. 




boys let loose from school ; its tree tops blush with 

bunting, the very shores put on a flannelly hue, while 

its rocks are flecked with blue and gray, and shadowy 

points are all abloom with 

its duck and dimity. Happy 

are they who are permitted 

to taste the pleasures, and 

overcome the difficulties, of 

actual camp life at Lake 

George. 

The Camp. To the 
novice in camping-out a 
few hints may not be in- 
appropriate. The house 
that covers maybe a shan- 
ty of boughs in absence of 
anything better. It camp life. 

sounds well later when you talk about " roughing it," 
but is unsatisfactory in practice. A tent may be made 
comfortable with the outlay of a little time and work. 
There are clubs that own fishing boxes or cottages, 
more or less elaborate in construction, some of rough 
boards simply with bunks for sleeping in, and with 
chairs, tables, stoves, etc. , others with a considerable 
degree of elegance. Some of these can be rented for 
the week or season, the price being from $12 to $20 
per week, including the use of a boat or two and in 
many cases a well filled ice house. The poorest cot- 
tage is an improvement on the best of tents in stormy 
weather. ^ ; 

Tlie Camp outfit should include a light axe, long- 
handled frying-pan, tin pail for water or coffee, tin 
plates, pint cups, knives and forks and fishing tackle. 
A stove-top laid on a fire-place made of stones and 
mud and supplied with one length of stove pipe will 
be appreciated by the cook. Spruce boughs for a bed, 
with rubber blanket to guard against possible damp- 
ness, and two or three good woolen blankets for 
covering, should be included among the necessaries. 



8 LAKE GEORGE. 

A small bag to fill with leaves or moss for a pillow, 
pays for itself in one night, but a real feather pillovs 
is better. 

Boats and provisions may be obtained at al- 
most any of the hotels. Bacon, salt pork, bread and 
butter, Boston crackers, tea, coffee, sugar, pepper and 
salt, with a tin box or two for containing the same are 
among the things needed. Milk can be obtained 
regularly at farm houses, berries found on the moun- 
tains and wilder islands. Ice is a luxury which may be 
contracted for and thrown from the passing steamer 
daily. A hole in the ground with a piece of bark over 
it forms a very good ice box. A drinking cup of 
leather, to carry in the pocket, is handy at times. 
Whiskey is unnecessary, a damage and often a dis- 
grace to the party. If you take it habitually to pre- 
vent colds as at other places don't think it necessary 
here. Colds are never taken here by sleeping out 
under the stars, and there is little in the pure air and 
sunshine in keeping with the stuff. 

Clothing; ordinarily worn answers every purpose, 
flannel or woolen preferred with roomy shoes and a 
soft felt hat. Wide brimmed straw hats are usually 
a nuisance. Ladies, wear what you have a mind to 
(you will, any way), but let me respectfully suggest 
that it be mostly flannel, with good strong shoes under 
foot and a man's felt hat over head — take the man 
along, too, if you want to, he will be useful to row you 
about, take the fish off your hook, run errands, etc. 

Tile islands of Lake George except the following 
belong to the State, and under existing laws cannot 
be purchased : Tea, Diamond, Canoe, Long, Eliza- 
beth, Three Brothers, Dome, Recluse, Belvoir, Hia- 
watha, Leontine, Green, Crown, Fourteen Mile, Flora, 
Turtle and Harbor Islands. H 

The liSiW says: '* The lands now or hereafter cou- 
stituting the forest preserve shall be forever kept as 



LAKE GEORGE. 9 

wild forest lands." All the islands of Lake George, 
e.xcept those named above, are a part of the forest pre- 
serve in charge of the State. A number of these isl- 
ands are occupied by responsible parties who have 
e^cpended considerable money m beautifying and 
naking them comfortable for summer occupancy, 
others are subject to lease for a term of live years at 
from $50 to $1 50 per year. Islands not leased to indi- 
viduals may be occupied by camping parties at will 
so long as the laws governing public lands are ob- 
served. The Fish, Game and Forest Commis- 
sion has the same power to bring action for trespass 
and to recover damages for injury, or to prevent injury 
to the preserve which any owner of lands would 
be entitled to bring, and officers acting under the En- 
gineer of forests, or the Commission, may, without 
warrant, arrest any person found violating any pro- 
vi.->ions of the act creating the commission. The fire 
wardens have power to call upon any person in the 
Vt^rritory in which they act for assistance in suppress- 
ing fires. Any person who shall willfully or negli- 
ge t'yset fire to any forest lands belonging to the 
Siaie, shall be liable to a fine of not less than fifty or 
more than five hundred dollars, or to imprisonment 
of not Jess than thirty days nor more than sixmonths. 
FisMng of the best can be had at Lake George in 
the right season by one possessed of a proper knowl- 
edge of the sport and the best ground. This knowl- 
edge is purchasable and can be had by the employ- 
ment of competent guides who with service furnish 
boat and bait at about $3 per day. The game fish are 
;the lak ; trout and black bass. The trout are usually 
taken by deep trolling early in the season, and with 
live bait in deep water later. Black bass are caught 
by trolling or still fishing over rocky ground. Rock 
bass amd perch abound on certain well-known ledges 
while ihe plebeiarn 'bull-head " flQurishes on the softer 



10 ivAKE GEORGE. ~ 

bottom. This last fish, while not considered edible 
in many waters is here firm of flesh and palatable. 
Brook trout fishing makes a fair return for labor ex- 
pended, the yield in the various streams emptying 
into the lake being in adverse ratio to the whipping 
they get. Here the various "flies" that are com- 
paratively valueless for lake fishing may be used to 
advantage. 

Hunting is little considered here although the 
woods yield a fair share of birds and small game, 
while deer and black bear are not uncommon in the 
mountains along the narrows. 

Discovery. The existence of Lake George was 
first made known to Europeans in 1609, through the 
writings of Samuel de Champlain, who, while he 
mentions its existence, is believed to have gone 
no nearer to it than Crown Point or possibly the falls 
at Ticonderoga. In the month of August, 1642, a war 
party of Iroquois, returning from Canada to their 
homes in the Mohawk Valley, passed through Lake 
George with three prisoners, tortured and maimed. 
The captives were the French Jesuit, Father Jogues, 
Rene Goupil and Guillame Couture and are belie ve(3 
to have been the first white men to see its waters. 

Isaac Jogues, who first saw, and seeing, wrote 
of Lake George, was born at Orleans, Jan. 10, 1607; 
entered the Jesuit Society at Rouen, 1624, and three 
years later removed to the college of LaFletche. He 
completed his divinity studies at Clermont Colle.ge, 
Paris, and was ordained Priest in February, 1636. In 
the spring of that year he embarked as a missionary 
for Canada, arriving early in July, and soon proceeded 
to his far-away station on the Ottawa River in the 
land of the Hurons. On his return from Quebec 
where he came for supplies in 1642, he was captured 
with his party and carried through Lake George to 
the Mohawk Valley, suffering torture at that and va 



LAKE GEOEGE. 

nous other times. The following year, in July, he 
made his escape by aid of the Dutch at Ft. Orange, 
who sent him to France, where he arrived about 
Christmas, and was received with great honor and 
reverence. In 1644 he returned to Canada, and in 
1646 returned by the old route to his former masters, 
the Mohawks, a missionary from his superior, and an 
ambassador for the French nation, to ratify a treaty 
with the savages. Once more he returned to Canada, 
and once more j.assed over the holy lake to his " Mis- 
sion of the Martyrs," where on his arrival he was met 
by torture and paid the penalty of his zeal with his 
pure, devoted, self-sacrificing life. 

Tlie name under which the lake has beer 
known has changed with passing years, and peoples 
When Champlain came it was known to the Indians 
as "Andia-ta-roc-te" (place where the lake contracts). 
On the 29th of May, 1646, Father Jogues again ar- 
rived at the outlet, accompanied by Sieur Bourden, 
engineer in chief on the governor's staff, and six 
friendly Indians, and it being the eve of the festival 
of Corpus Christi, named it in commemoration of the 
day -" Lac du St. Sacrament" (The Lake of the 
Blessed Sacrament). In 1755, General Johnson en- 
camped at its head and called it Lake George, in 
honor of George the Second, and then reigning king 
of Great Britain. The name of " Horicon," inter- 
preted to mean " Silvery Water," has been generally- 
accepted as historical, and advanced by admirers as 
one more indication of the poetic temperament and 
appreciation of the beautiful fitness of things possessed 
by the noble Red man. It was, however, simply a 
fancy of Cooper's. He says (in "The last of the Mo- 
hicans " introduction to edition of 1852) : '4 It occurred 
to me that the French name of this lake was too com- 
plicated, the American too common-place, and the In- 
dian too unpronounceable for either to be used famil- 



12 LAKE GEOKGK. 

iarly in a work of liction." Coojjer spelled the word 
" Horican " instead of Horicon, which is now the 
spelling accepted generally by orthographers. 

Historical. In iGog, Hendrick Hudson ascended 
the North river to its junction with the Mohawk and 
the same year Champlain sailed as far south as Crown 
Point, on the lake which now bears his name. At 
that time the Algoiiqiiins occupied the land north 
of the St. Lawrence, and the Five Nations (a power- 
ful confederacy, consisting of the MoJiaiuks, OneidaSy 
Onoiidagas, Cayiigas and Senecas) were gathered in 
the valley of the Mohawk. They called themselves 
Agajiusc/iiasi ov " united people ;" by the Delawares 
they were called "Mingoes;" by the French "Iro- 
quois" and by the Dutch '■ Maquas." The tribes of 
the North and South were continually at war with 
each other. The land between the St. Lawrence and 
the Mohawk was debatable ground, and along the 
shores of St Sacrament and Champlain a solitude, for 
the lakes formed a pathway through the wilderness, 
over which savage nations were constantly going to 
war against each other. This had driven all who 
were inclined to occupy the land beyond the moun- 
tains ; and presumably gave the larger lake its In- 
dian name, signifying " the Lake that is the Gate of 
the Country." The English had secured the right to 
the country claimed by the Five Nations by virtue of 
a treaty with that people ; the French claimed it by 
right of Champlain' s discovery. Both nations aimed 
to keep the friendship of the Indians, in which the wily 
French met with the greater success, extending their 
lines, by means of zealous missionaries and enter- 
prising traders, who carried beads and fire-water, and 
the bread of life to the red man, by means of which a 
good many English scalps were taken. 

In 1 73 1 the French advanced to Crown Point and 
built a fort, which they called " St. Frederick." The 



LAKE GEORGE. 13 

slow Knglish remonstrated, but at that time took no 
active measures to resist the advance on what they 
claimed as their territory. The Indians that gathered 
around the fort were a constant menace to the exposed 
homes of the English settlers of the Upper Hudson, 
and of ten was the story told of a sudden descent on 
some unprotected point, a rifle shot, a gleaming knife 
or bloody tomahawk, and a retreat by the light of a 
burning building. In the suggestive words of the 
French reports concerning their Indian allies, they 
occasionally " struck a blow and returned with some 
scalps." 

General Jolinson, (atterward Sir William), was 
dispatched in 1755 to take charge of affairs H'" ''.r- 
rived at the head of Lac du St. Sacrament August 
28th, and at once renamed it, calling it Lake George, 
in honor of the then reigning King of Great I'ritain, 
Not content with this hydraulic victory he issued a 
proclamation, in which he said: "I propose to go 
down this lake with a part of the army, and take 
post at the end of it, at a pass called ' Ticonderogue,' 
there to await the coming up of the rest of the army, 
and then attack Crown Point." September 8m, while 
General Johnson was waiting to note the effect of his 
proclamation, the Baron Dieskau, with 1,400 men 
600 of whom were Indians, advanced to attack 
Fort Lyman, now Fort Edward. When within four 
miles of Fort Lyman the Indians refused to proceed 
further, it is thought from their fear of the cannon 
there. Dieskau then turned the head of his little army 
toward Lake George, and had reached the place where 
Williams' monument now stands, when news was 
brought that the English were approaching from Lake 
George. Forming an ambush in shape of a hollow 
square, open toward the north, the points extending 
on each side of the road, the French awaited the com- 
ing of the enemy, which soon appeared — i.ooo Eng 



14 LAKE GEORGE. 

lish and 200 Indians — under Col. Ephraim Williams 
and old Kin.o: Hendrick. It happened that among 
Dieskau's Indians were some of the great league of 
the Iroquois, who, seeing that the English were ac- 
companied by a party of their sworn friends, fired 
guns in the air as a warning, and. by this act, turned 
what might have been the annihilation of the detach- 
ment into simply a bad defeat. The French opened 
fire at once. Colonel Williams and King Hendrick 
fell, and the English retreated, followed by the 
French The noise of the engagement was heard at 
Lake George, and a force of 300 was dispatched to 
the assistance of the English, while breastworks of 
fallen trees w^ere thrown up with all haste in front of 
the camp. Soon came the English in confusion, 
closely pursued by the French, but the guns of the 
fort could not be brought to bear on the approach- 
ing party without endangering friend and foe alike. 
It appeared to be Dieskau's object to keep thus close 
on the heels of the retreating English, and enter the 
fortified camp with them ; but as the survivors tum- 
bled over the logs among their friends, they noted 
with wonder that the French halted while their Indian 
allies skulked in the swamps. The pause was for a 
few minutes only, but it afforded the English time to 
perfect their plans of defense, and, when the French 
(lid finally advance, they were received by a well- 
worked battery against which they could not prevail. 
The attack was spirited, and the defense stubborn. 
The engagement began a little before noon, and lasted 
until about four o'clock, when the enemy retreated, 
and the English took their turn at pursuit. Dieskau 
was wounded and taken prisoner, dying afterward, i^ 
is said, from the effect of his wounds. Johnson was 
also wounded early in the day, and the command de- 
volved on General Lyman, who behaved with unex- 
ceptionable bravery throughout the entire ©ngage- 



LAKE GEORGE. 1 5 

ment. The French loss, killed and wounded, was 
nearly 400 men ; the English about 300. Johnson, 
having earned glory enough, did not advance on Ti- 
conderuga as announced, but spent the remainder or 
the season in building Fort William Henry. 

Vaudreuil, with 1,500 French and Indians, came 
over the ice to attack Fort William Henry in March, 
1757' The assault was made at two o'clock on the 
morning of the igth. The garrison was apprised of 
the enemy's approach and repulsed him successfully, 
but could not prevent his setting fire to a number of 
sloops and batteaux, that were fiozen in the ice, in 
front of the fort. Portions of these huiks may still 
be seen imbedded in the sand at the bottom of the 
lake under favorable condition of air and water. 

Tlie Marquis de Montcalm, with nearly 8,000 
French and Indians, advanced on Fort William 
Henry, early in August, following Vaudreuil's un- 
successful attack. Colonel Morro, then in command, 
withstood the siege for six days in hopes of relief 
from General Webb; but. receiving none, sent a mes- 
'ienger to Montcalm stating the terms on which he 
would evacuate the fort, which were substantially 
that the English should be allowed to march out with 
the honors of war, carrying arms and baggage. The 
terms were agreed to by Montcalm, and at noon the 
next day the English marched over to the entrenched 
camp, there to remain until the following morning, 
leaving the sick and wounded under the protection of 
the French, 

The massacre that followed will ever remain a 
blot on the fair fame of Montcalm, While the Eng- 
lish were passing out of the fort even, the Indians 
swarmed in through the embrasures, and murdered 
the sick and helpless. The horrible scenes that fol- 
lowed are thus described by Father Robaud in his 
" Relations " : "I saw one of these barbarians come 



4^^ 



I'ILjM 









1757 



LAKE GEORGE. 1 7 

forth out of the casements, which nothiir,^ Imt the 
most insatiate avidity for blood could in luce him 
to enter, for the infected atmosphere wliich ex 
naled fr 'Ui it was insupportable, carrvin;^ in his 
hand a h.mian head, from which streams of bloc^ 
were flo\vin;j;-. and which he paraded as the mosl 
valuable prize he had been able to seize " The 
following day was but to add to the horr )rs of the 
time. When the English marched out of the en- 
trenched camp in the morning, the insufficiency of 
their escort became apparent. But three /inndred 
French were sent to guard the whole. The savages 
swarmed in the woods on every side and hung 
like a dark storm-cloud along their path. Low, 
ominous muttering, like distant thunder, came from 
the surging crowd at first then rising higher and higher 
broke in fury as with fierce yells the savages fell on 
the panic-stricken English, striking them down in the 
face of their helpless guard. The butchery, which 
at the first was the work of a few, soon became gen- 
eral. The helpless women and children were mur- 
dered without pity, men were torn from the ranks, 
while the savages like wild beasts, fought among 
themselves for the sickening prize of a human scalp. 

It is difficult to free Montcalm from responsibility for 
the horror. , He knew the nature of the savages and 
must have Known of their treatment of the sick an'^ 
wounded in the old fort the day before, and yet, with 
6,000 French at command he sent only 300 to protect 
the long line of men, women and children from the 
savages, who, like wild beasts, thirsted for their blood. 
The number that perished is unknown, but has been 
estimated by some as high as 1,500. The object of 
the French accomplished, they returned north, leav- 
ing the fort a heap of smouldering ruins, and the 
bones of the English bleaching in the sun. General 
Putnam, who arrived as the French were retreating 



1 8 T.AKE GEORGE. 

down the lake, describes the scene as horrible in the 
extreme, the air filled with the stench of decaying 
b-) lies and of burning flesh of those that had been 
liir )\vn among the still smoking ruins. 

Eater Abercrombie, 1758. Another act in the 
great drama of the Lake. A year has passed away, 
ind the curtain rises on a scene of wondrous beauty. 
The same old mountains slope down, amphitheater- 
like, around the Lake; the mists of midsummer hang 
over the land ; martial music fills the air, the sound 
of bugles and of highland pipes echo from the moun- 
tain side, and a thousand boaLs, bearing 15,000 men. 
in all the varied colors of royal court, of clan and 
forest, with banners waving, and hearts beating high 
with hope, move away over its glassy surface. Thus, 
on the morning of July stn, 1758, Abercrombie em- 
barked and sailed to the attack of Fort Ticonderoga. 
9n the following day, at Trout-Brook, Lord Howe 
roll, and the evening of the gth saw the inglorious re- 
turn of the defeated army. 

Amherst came the following year, passed the 
•,ame way to tiie capture of Ticonderoga and Crown 
Point, drivnig the French into Canada. 

Fort Wiliiam Henry was built of pine logs and 
covered with sand. The ruins are in the sandy, tree- 
covered bluff west of the railroad depot, between it 
and the Fort William Henry Hotel. The outline is 
still preserved, showing the form of the old fort, 
nearly square, flanked on the west, south, and a part 
of the east side, by a ditch, and on the north by the 
lake. The "Old Fort Well" was within the fort and 
still remains near the east side, partially filled with 
stones and rubbish. Where the fence which now in- 
closes the grounds on the east would run, if con- 
tinued out into the lake deep under water, is the old 
Fort dock. Outside the dock a little wa,y^ may be 



tAkE GfeOkGE. t^ 

seen an old hulk, with blackened ribs and keel half 
hidden in the sand, which is supposed to have been 
one of the number sunk by Vaudreuil m February 
1757. Shell and cannon balls have been taken fron 
it at different times, and in 1820 two small cannon 
were removed ircm die wreck. The fort was built 
by the provincials in September, October and No- 
vember, 1756, under the direction of Major Wil- 
liam Eyre, and named "William Henry," in honor 
of the Duke of Cumberland, father of George III, 
the then reigning King 01 Great Britain. Major 
Eyre later was made chief engineer of the army 
and in 1759 laid out the fortifications at Ticon- 
deroga. 

Fort George is east of old Fort William Henry, 
on the low bluff, around which the railroad swings as 
it turns away from the lake. It was built in 1759, by 
General Amherst (the portion completed being but a 
bastion of what was then designed for an extensive 
fortification) and was occupied as a military post while 
the necessity for one lasted. It was commanded ( !) ir 
1775 by Capt. John Norberg, " in a little cottage as a 
Hermit where I was very happy for six months;" 
taken possession of by Col. Bernard Romans, May 
12 (two days after the capture of Ticonderoga by 
Ethan Allen), and held by the Americans until the 
close of the Revolution. It is now but a great heap 
of earth held in place by the walls, which are quite 
well preserved on the east side and sloping off from 
edge toward the centre and north. The greater 
portion of the stonework has been removed, and 
burned to make lime. ^On the table land, a little to 
the southwest of the fort, was the old entrenched 
camp, the scene of the engagement between Dieskau 
and General Johnson in 1755. 



I-.\KI<] GEOROE 21 

Battle Monument stands on the open ground 
Society of Colonial Wars of the State of New 
Vork ard unveiled with imoosing civic and raili 
lary ceremonies September 8. 1903. The figures, 
f-epresertirg Gen. Sir William Johnson and the 
Mohawk Chief King Hendrick, are of bronze. 9 
leet high, stardirg on a pedestal of Barre granite 
12 feet in height On the west face of the die, 
cut in clear bold letters, is the Inscription. 

BATTLE OF LAKE GEORGE. 
SEPT. 8, 1775. 

On the north side overlooking the lake is the 
following: 

Confidence inspired by this victory was of in 
estimable value to the American army in the war 
of the Revolution. 

Facing the east the inscription is as follows 

1903. 

The Society of Colonial Wars erected this monu 
m.ent to commemorate the victory of the Colonial 
forces under General William Johnson and their 
Mohawk allies under Chief Hendrick over the 
French regulars commanded by Baron DIeskau 
with their Canadian and Indian allies. 

The south face says: 

Defeat v^ould have opened the road to Albany 
to the French. 



GLENS FALLS. 

GLENS FALLS is on the loifiwurd bend Oi 
the Hudson River where il comb^ nearest to 
Lalie George after breakirg through the I>uzerne 
Mountains from the west, thence turns couthward 
to the sea. To the eye of one from above it would 
appear as the focus of a network of radiate roads, 
like a great spider's web, spreading out over 
the plains, its main thoroughfares divided again 
and again as they lead countryward to fasten on 
the mountain passes round about. Six miles down 
the river is Fort Edward — the Fort Lyman of 
old, at the southern end of "The Great Carry," 
which passed by Glens Falls to the head of Lake 
George, ten miles further north. .Just beyond the 
northern border of the town runs the Half-Way 
lirook. notable in old Colonial records. Bevond 
this the trail led through French Mountain Pas? 
fo the Lake over "the Dark and Bloody Ground'" 
of savage times. 

Glens Falls was known to the Indians as Che- 
pon-tuc, meaning "a difficult place to get past" 
To those who traveled by canoe the term seemed 
nttirg. In 17fi2 a p-atent of Queensburv was grant- 
ed to "several of our loving subjects" by George 
III. A large portion of this natent was purchased 
by one Abraham Wing, who erected a grist and 







J 


r^r^i 




^:;^ 





GLENS PALLS 27 

aaw-mill at the Falls. Later, on a convivial occa- 
sion, 'Vlag sold bis birthright for a mess of pot- 
tage — or to speak more plainly — transferred his 
right and title to the name to a Col. Johannes 
Glenn, for the price of a "wine supper," which the 
latter paid for and the name was changed to 
■■Glenn's" Falls. 

The town is high, dry and delightful, with 
shaded streets and solid business blocks. In 1908 
it was incorporated a city and is showing all a 
city's push and perquisites. It is the metropolis 
01 Northern New York, the market and source of 
supplies of a large tract of rich outlying country 
east and west, and is the center of industries and 
enterprises extending outward to points that have 
made it of national importance. It has many 
chuiches of various denominations, schools of the 
highest standing under universities, places of 
amusement of varying grades, and a theatre equal 
in elegance and appointments to any north of New 
York, its patrons favored with productions sel- 
dom given outside the great cities. 

There are two daily papers, the Post-Star 
(morning) Democratic and an adept in trenchent 
English, and The Times (evening paper) a stal- 
wart Republican, a great news gatherer, and gain- 
ing steadily for itself a position and influence 
such as is accorded to papers like the Troy 
Times and Springfield Republican. 

The Glens Falls Insurance Company, organized 
in 1849, has, through its agencies, made the name 
of its birth place familiar to the public from 
Maine to Mexico, and attained a national promi- 
nence with a well grounded reputation as one of 
the soundest institutions of the kind in existence. 



28 



GLENS PALLS 



For a fact many a Lake George tourist has heard 
more about this company and its officers than of 
the city after which it was named. Its proud rec- 
ord is of an institution that "never failed in it.s 
obligations and never made a mistake." It has 
well earned its distinguishing title Oi 'Old and 







n 




i^^H 


lljgH 


^1^. 


"^'fl 


1 


plilif 


feii^ 


m 




1 •- 


J 



Tried." The new home ollice building, facing 
Monument Square, erected in 1912-1913, is com- 
manding, substantial and chaste, and a structure 
in which almost any city might take becoming 
pride. The ofl^cers of the company are: R. A. 
Little, President; E. W. West, Vice-President; 
J. L. Whitlock, 2d Vice-President; H. A. Dickin- 
son, Secretary; C. J. DeLong, Treasurer. 

Hotels have an excellent reputation. First as 
approached from the south Is The Rockwell 
House, George M. Taylor, proprietor. Rates, $3.00 
per day. 

Hotel Rullff on Monument Square opposite the 
Glens Falls Insurance building; M. Frazier & Son, 
proprietors, is $2.50 per day. 



GLENS FALLS 



29 



Hotel Madden is opposite the Empire Theatre 
and is much appreciated by commercial travellers. 
Rates $2.50 up per daj^ 

Smaller houses catering to various classes are 
at varying prices and accommodations to suit. 




;*»&>^^*#*-^fe.% . 



^■■\ 







' . Mf7- 






i 



MASONIC TEMPLE. 
This massive brick and stone structure was 
presented to the Masonic Association of Glens 
Falls in 1912 by the Glens Falls Insurance Com- 
pany and moved intact across the street to its 
new location north of Hotel Ruliff to make room 
for the larger building required by the Insurance 
Company's expanding needs. 



30 GLENS FALLS 

When in Glens Falls shop at Goodson's, the 
modern department store, where every conven- 
ience and comfort awaits you. 

The Glens Falls Auto Co. at top of Glen Street 
hill, a block outh of the Rockwell, can make any 
needed repairs and furnish all necessary supplies. 

The Empire Garage on Warren Street is a 
maker of Automobiles as well as agent for some 
of the best machines on the market. 

The Shirts, Collars and Ladies' Shirt Waists 
manufactured in Glens Falls factories are world 
famous. This industry, starting back in 1876, has 
become so prominent as to overshadow even th\ 
fame of Troy along these same lines. There are 
now ten prominent factories, whose business is 
constantly increasing, and whose output in 1909 
amounted to $3,323,000. This would represent in 
actual pieces made and handled a total way up 
in the millions. There are employed in all the 
factories about 2,450 persons. The average com- 
bined weekly pay-roll during the manufacturing 
season is about $20,000 to $25,000 a week. 

The Glens Falls Portland Cement Co., manu- 
facturers of the celebrated "Iron Clad" brand, are 
where the railroad crosses the canal approaching 
from the south. Beginning about twenty years 
ago with an experimental outfit, this enterprise 
has kept pace with the tremendous advance of 
the cement making industry, and today is ex- 
celled by none of its competitors in completeness 
of its equipment or quality of its product. The 



GLENS FALLS 31 

company obtains its raw material from its quar- 
ries in Saratoga County, siving contginuou.s em- 
ployment to more than two hundred men, an«3 
turning out more than half a million barrels of 
Portland Cement every year. Practically all of 
its cement is used in the very best class of engi- 
neering construction, undertakings exacting th'^ 
highest standard of excellence, notably the New 
York State Barge Canal, the Spier Falls Dam, 
paper mill, power and filtration plants, railway 
and bridge works. 

The Viaduct spans the river in place of the old 
bridge, stretching across to points well up the 
hill on either side of the Falls, and is an attrac- 
tive feature of tbe southern approach. 

The Hudson River Water Power Company is 
among the latest great works of the section. 
It was conceived and carried onward to comple- 
tion by a Glens Falls boy, whose capital at the 
start was chiefly brains and nerve. Its work was 
the harnessing of the Hudson at various points 
and the conversion of its energy into electricity 
to be sent out through cables to various, cities, 
extending as far as Albany at the south, supply- 
ing power and light and heat to various enter- 
prises within a radius of fifty miles from its 
great dam at Spier Falls. It is the fourth largest 
work of its kind in the world. 



Cr.ENS FALL8 



On the island steps 



descend to the 
and ncai- the 



roclcs, 
lowef 
end wher e they are 
notched and broken out, 
one may climb down to 
the level of the water, 
and enter the cave made 
memorable by Cooper in 
his ' ' Last of the Mo- 
hicans." 

In the dry season the 
volume of water is con- 
fined within the channels 
worn deep on either side, 
or finds its way in rivu- 
lets down across the pit- 
ted buttresses of black 
THBCAVB. rock. Here the ledg:es, 

which in the spring freshets are covered with a foam- 
ing torrent, are worn smooth almost as polisned mar- 
ble. Natural stairways lead in places to the top, and 
at intervals, holes in the rock, round and deep, arc 
filled with watei-, with possibly at the bottom a rem- 
nant of the stone, which, under the action of the 
waters, has worn itself away in vain turnings about 
in its deepening prison. Of 
these holes, one, called the 
" Devil's Punch Bowl," is 
nearly six feet in diameter 
and about the same in 
depth. _ 





(JI.I^NS FALLS 33 

Vasi mills tor ilie inaiuifacture of paper of the 
newspaper Kind stand on either side. Into them 
go logs I hat have Moated down from the Adiron- 
dacl<s. to appear in a little while in wide and mile- 
long sheets wound on rollers, to go thus to the 
cities and appear as the great dailies. 

The Glens Falls Paper Mill Co., now a part of 
the International Paper Company, whose extensive 
wood pulp, sulpliite and paper mills are located 
liere and at Tort Edward, six miles farther down 
the river, is the largest single producer of news- 
paper in the world, the combined capacity being 
600,000 lbs. or 300 tons each 24 hours of paper, 
plus lOO tons of sulphite and a much larger prod- 
uct of wood pulp. Wood pulp is manufactured 
in a large mill near the south end of the bridge, 
and vast quantities of wood that, until recently, 
was considered almost valueless, now finds its 
way to the mill in logs and comes out in thick 
sheets to be turned into paper in the adjoining 
mill. 

The Finch-Pruyn Company's mill, erected In 
1904-5. is on the north side of the river, below the 
bridge — a model mill from foundation-stone to 
chimney-top, and fitted with every modern appli- 
ance of the paper maker's art. Its intake canal, 
cut through the solid rock from the head of the 
fails to where it delivers water to its many wheels, 
with its retaining wall of unbroken concrete, is 
alone well worth inspection by those interested ir 
hydraulic engineering. 

Of old lumber was king and to it Clens Fall? 
owes its early prosperity. Snw mills were alon.i; 
the banks where now stand the proper mills and 
on all sides were lumber piles. They lined thp 



34 GLENS FALLS 

banks of the river away above where of old they 
walled in the canal for a long distance. At the 
Keeder Dam were more saw mills and more piles 
ot lumber. In those days the sawins capacity oi 
these mills was GOO.UOO standard logs per annum. 
This means 120,000,000 feet of lumber, or 30,63b 
4-10 miles of boards eight inches wide. If laid end 
to end they would extend around the earth with a 
long lap to artnrp 

Liime is next In Importance to lumber. In quanti- 
ty manufactured it is equaled in the United States 
only at Rockland, Me., and in point of quality 
stands at the head. The best rock found here 
when calcined is from ninety-five to ninety-eight 
per cert, pi re, being the purest and whitest lime 
to be found on the continent. It is used extensively 
by tanners, bleachers ot cotton g )ods, and. ma . . 
facturers of paper, wire, gas, glass, etc. The 1 n • 
rock is embraced in an area of not more th;i i 
250 acres, beginning at the heal of the falls, and 
u.Ktenling in a narrow belt on either siJe for per- 
liaps near a mile down the river, th 3 strata dipping 
slightly toward the south, and disappearing under 
the hill along that side. For a depth of about 
thirty feet it lies in thin strata which is used largely 
in the manufacture of the Glens Falls Portland 
Cement. Next comes a stratum of grey marble, from 
two to three feet in thickness, and under this the 
solid black marble, tv/elve feet thick. This is almost 
a pure carbonate of lime; in its native state of a 
bluish grey; calcined, it is whiter than snow. The 
tunnel on the south side from which the rock has 
been recently taken, extends a considerable distance 
into the hill — a vast room with rock-roof, supported 
by many massive columns, and well w^orth a visit. 
Lime was first burned here about the vear 1820. bv 



tJLENS FALLS 35 

Powell Shaw, then simply for home cu nsumption 
(t was first manufactured and shipped to an out- 
side market (Troy) by K. P. Cool, iu 183Z. 

Lime Kilns — clouds by day and pillars of tire at 
night— are below the falls. They are of the patent 
or "pereptual" kind, with a burning capacity of 
V5 to 125 barrels each per day. Two sets of hands 
are required to attend thom, the fires running 
night and day. 'ihere are 23 of these l^ilns. They 
are well worth visiting. About 500 men are em- 
ployed in this industry. The average production 
for the past twenty years has been about 450,000 
barrels per annum, the greater part of which is 
shipped direct to consumers. The kilns are owned 
and oi)fcrated by the F. W. Wait Lime Co., The 
Sherman Lime Co. and the Finch & Pruyn Co. 

Black MarLle (which is the pnivst carbonate of 
lime in the world, with perhaps tne exception of the 
Irish ard Belgian marble), in its native state, is of 
a dark blue; wet. it becomes black; polished, it 
shines like jet. Blocks are quarried as large as 
four feet square and nine feet long. It is cut into 
slabs for tiles, table tops, mantels, interior decor- 
atioi;s and ornamental work by "gangs" of soft 
iron plates or "saws" working horizontally across 
tbe block, the cutting power obtained by means of 
a flinty sand. See them saw and note how, under 
dripping water, the toothless saws eat their way 
through the solid rock. 



Glen Lake is five miles north of Glens Falls. 

It is reached by trolley and by the trains of the 

D. & H. The Lake is something more than two 

miles in length and one in width, with French 

Mountain lying toward the north. 



LAKE GEORGE. 



LAKE GEORGE is the name of the village at 
the south end of St. Sacrament in place of the 
time-honored old one of "Caldwell," and it is in 
order for people who live at various points to ex 
plain that they are not at Lake George really, 
but only encamped round about the waters there- 
of. It is a comely village awakened to the newer 
life of thrift and enterprise in place of the slum- 
brous past, with growing civic pride and inde- 
pendence in its modern ways and belongings, yet 
delightful in its combination of the old and new 
and restful in its shaded streets and beautiful 
mountain setting. 

Hotels and boarding houses are varied and suf- 
ficient ordinarily for all occasions, the price rang- 
ing from $1 to $4 a day, according to season and 
accommodations. 

Fort William Henry Hotel is at the head of 
Lake George just west of the ruins of that fam- 
ous old fort after which it was named. It looks 
out northward, commanding one of the most beau- 
tiful of the noted views of this most beautiful 
lake. It stands centrally on a bluff in the path- 
way of the winds that draw through the notch 
north and south between the mountains and out 
over the surface of the lake. High mountains 
rise east and west but gradually in gentle lines 
that make for restfulness, casting long shadows 
In the dewy mornings and glorious afternoons. 



Lake george 39 

Broad piazzas and northern windows and balcon- 
ies reveal miles of receeding shores that stretch 
to where verdant islands close the narrowing way 
and the big mountains stand guard above the 
Narrows. The hous€ is built and furnished in 
old colonial style. Stone and slate and concrete 
give it an air of substantiality that appeals to 
such as prefer substance to display while sur- 
rounding trees and plants and flowering shrubs 
soften all. 

The house is modern in all its fittings, modem 
in all appointments. It should meet all reason- 
able requirements of young and old in its admir- 
able combination of luxuries and conveniences 
that have now become necessaries to the discern- 
ing traveller. Amusements will be found fitte:] 
to languid and strenuous alike. Riding, driving, 
motoring, motor-boating, sailing, rowing — each 
has its votaiies and here all may find satisfac- 
tory means of enjoying their own. It is simply 
to touch a button at the office and the thing is 
done. 

A new resort feature of this section is the open- 
ing of the house for winter guests. For such en- 
tertainment was it built and equipped and amply 
meets all requirements at all times. Its initial 
season was a great success as evidenced by an 
overfljwing house. Later experience under the 
general manager, Albert Thieriot, has demon- 
strated that season has little to do with 
sucsess where seasonable sports are offered 
and an all-the-year house has no reason 
to lament the passing of the summer where 
the winter's gue;?ts are provided with such com- 
forts as may be had at home. Such has been the 
effort of the management, and it has resulted in 
a sense of cozy comfort seldom found at a sum- 
mer inn. It was for this purpose it was comfort- 
ably furnished, and from the time when the firU 



LAKE GEORGE 41 

June bride moves shyly across the screen until 
the frosts bring the sturdy sportsman, nothing of 
sudden change which makes living so uncomfort- 
able at the average summer hotel is felt here. 
With winter come winter's amusement, snow- 
shoeing, skeeing, curling, toboganing and kin- 
dred sports, for which visitors journeyed to Mon- 
treal, are here in perfection, less than an 
afternoon's trip from the great metropolis. For 
reservations or particulars address the Fort Will- 
iam Henry Hotel, Lake George. 

Mr. Thieriot is general manager of hotel.^ 
and dining service of the Delaware & Hudson 
system, including the "Fort William Henry" at 
Lake George, and the "Hotel Champlain" at Bluff 
Point, as well as manager of the Dining Car ser- 
vice maintained by the company between Mon- 
treal and Wilkesbarre; on the steameis of Lake 
George and Lake Champlain and the various de- 
pot restaurants along the way. Resident mana- 
gers will be in charge at the hotels, with experi- 
enced stewards on the boats, on trains and at 
station restaurants. Mr. Thieriot has earned dis- 
tinguished recognition as a commissariat in steam- 
boats and hotels. As executor of the late Rosa 
Delmonic estate and as manager of the famous 
"Delmonico's" for years, he has gained a wide 
experience with famous people of two hemi- 
spheres. He comes naturally by his love for Lake 
George, as his father, Ferdinand Thieriot, former 
owner of Green Island, where now stands the 
stately Sagamore, was among those who a half 
century ago, labored enthusiastically for the rec- 
ognition of the "Queen of American Lakes." And 
now the son, equipped with ripe experience and 
overflowing with perennial youth, comes back to 
serve where as a boy he played years ago. 



LAKE GEORGE 45 

The Carpenter House is on the main street of 
the village, which continues northward along 
west of Fort William Henry Park. This house will 
provide for about 50 people. Rates, $2 per day; 
$7-$12 per week. 

The Worden is at the head of the lake, 
facing east, the north piazza looking out on the 
Lake, where the street descends to Pine Point, a 
favorite resort for guests of the house. The Wor- 
den will accommodate about 100 guests. An om- 
nibus runs to all trains and boats, free for guests 
of the house. The house is substantial and con- 
venient. It is open during the summer and is 
under the management of Edwin J. Worden, 
owner and proprietor, who is energetic and cap- 
able as indicated by the thorough manner in 
which improvements have been made. There are 
bath and toilet rooms on upper floors. It has elec- 
tric bells, the best of modern spring beds. There 
is a fine piazza along the front, and balconies on 
the first floor, facing the north and v\^est. $3.50 
day; $18-$21 week. 

The Arlington Hotel adjoins the Worden on the 
south. Also under the management of E. J. Wor- 
den. Capacity about 60. A free 'bus runs to all 
trains. Rates $2 per day; $9-$12 per week. 

The smaller hotels and boarding houses are to 
be found in and about the town. Address for 
particulars Mrs. G. B. Schermerhorn, Mrs. Max 
I. Bentley, James T. Crandale, Fred E. Truesdale. 
Jerome Burton, Charles J. Frommel. 



»« l^AKE GEORGE 

toll-gate, thence arour 1 the mountain, apr •cach- 
ing the summit point finally from the southwest, 
by which the ascent is gradual. From the ob- 
servatory here fully one-half of the lake can be 
seen, and the main peaks of the Adirondacks eas- 
ily distinguished. 

To Glens Falls is perhaps the most interesting 
drive, all things considered, of any at Lake 
George. It runs through French Mountain Pass 
over the historic "Dark and Bloody Ground." 

A Smooth Rail! an open car! a wild rush 
through a mountain pass out over a fresh green 
country on a bright morning! What more de- 
lightful combination can be imagined — unless the 
morning be changed to a warm summer's night 
with all its accompaniment of light and laughter, 
which is the regular belongings of a trolley party 
of young people of all ages! Such are easily the 
features on the electric line at Lake George, and 
the visitor will stop short of one of i^e pleasant- 
est of possibilities who does not go a-trolleying. 
Finely appointed cars can be chartered for ex- 
cursions along the line, with guides, well up in the 
history and traditions of main points of interest. 
For special service A. E. Reynolds, General 
Manager, may be addressed at Glens Falls. 

The Ruins of Fort Gage are about one mile 
south of Fort William Henry, where the trolley 
cuts through the big hill. The lines of earth- 
works may still be traced through the pines that 
now cover them. 

Bloody Pond is a mile farther south at the right 
— a stagnant pool which in the spring is nearly cov- 
ered with lily-pads and great white pond lilies, and 
In the summer becomes almost dry. It is told that 9 



LAKE OEORGE. 

party of the French (after driving the English into 
their fortified camp at Lake George, and being driven 
back in turn, in the engagement in which Wilhams 
and King Hendrick were killed) were seated around 
the pond partaking of their evening meal. Unsus- 
picious of danger from the south they were surprised 
by a party of English advancing from Fort Edward, 
who poured in upon them a destructive fire. Totally 
routed, the French fled in confusion, leaving their 




BLOODY POND. 

dead and wounded on the field. The dead were 
thrown into the pond by t'^.e Fiigl'sh, and the water 
turned red wiih tluir b.oof], from \> hich circumstance 
it received its n:i:;Te. *• Williams' Monument is 
about three n.ilcs sov.th C)f ttie ]al<e, aiul west of the 
plankro.ul. It is a plam ^^n^ ble shaft, blue and white, 
standing on a huge bowlder, which is iu-^clf inclosed 
within an iron fence. It was erected in iS54ly the 
graduates of ^Yiiliams' College, in memory of the 
f under of that instiiution. On it are inscriptions 
'" ".alin. to show the learning of those who erected 
it, a-i ii'i I'mdish, telling what it is all about. From 
it V o learn that it was '■'■ Erected to the memory of 
Colonel Ephraim Williams, a native of JMewtoivn 



LAKE GEeiKCE 



Mass.f who, after gallantly dcfeitdmg the frojitier 
of his native State, served under General JoJuison 
against the Fre7ich and Jndiajis, 
and nobly fell near this spot, in 
the bloody C07iflict of September <?, 
I7S5^ /;/ the 42d yearof his age" 

The old military road of 
colonial days ran along on the hill 
just above the monument, identical 
with the country road that is there 
now. A little way south on this 
road is a rude stone slab inclosed 
by an iron railing It bears the in- 
scription: "E. W., 1775, Col Eph- 
RAiM Williams," and is supposed to 
mark the place where Col. \\ illiams 
was buried. The drive continued south passes French 
Mountain, with its ancient and once celebrated Half- 





Way Hnnse. which rptaiiis much nf its inait tr 
yet — albeit touched with the modern ohMnont 



STEAMBOATS. 

'T'^HE first steamboat on Lake George was the 
1 ^^James Caldwell," Captain Winans command- 
ing. It was built about the year 1816 to '20. Ithadtwo 
long boilers and a brick smoke stack, and could go the 
entire length of the lake in one day — nearly, if not 
quite, in the time a smart man would row the distance. 
But it was suspected this stupendous achievement 
of engineering skill could never have been attained 
without the connivance of the evil one, and was 
very properly struck by lightning on one of its early 
trips. Even this warning did not prevent the stiff- 
necked owners from attempting to run her the 
second year, and she was mysteriously burned with 
fire while lying at her dock at Caldwell. It was 
thought later, however, that she caught fire from 
over-insurance. 

The next boat that kissed the waves, " Tlie Moun- 
taineer," was built about 1824. It v^^s commanded 
by Captain Laribee. This boat was sided with three 
layers of boards: the first running fore and aft the 
second from keel to wale, then a layer of tarred paper, 
and the outer boards running fore and aft agam. 
All were fastened together with woeden pins, making 
a very strong basket-like boat, which, when the waves 
ran high, would bend and twist about in a way that 
eels might envy and vainly strive to imitate. This boat 
also required nearly the whole day to make the length 
of the lake and it was considered an unwarrantable 
lo 5S of time to stop along the way to take a passenger 
aboard as any good oarsman could row out and put 



LAKE GEORGE. 

one into the steamer's yawl (which was always towec' 
behind), without interfering wnth her headway in 
the least. The passenger in the yawl could then pull 
up by the tow-line and climb on to the steamer's deck 
without much trouble. 'J'his boat ran until 183O. 

The " William Caldwell " came on in 1838 
and ran until 1850, when the "JolinJay," Captain 
J. Gale, took her place, running until 1856. July 29 
of that year, as she was passing Friend's Point, on 
the bome trip; a fire broke out in the engine room, and 
burned so fiercely that all efforts to extinguish it were 
in vain. Rounding Waltonian Isle the bow was 
pointed toward the shore, the intention being to run 
her on the beach aliUle north of Hague. Capt. E. S. 
Harris, then pilot, stood at the wheel until the tillci 
lopes burned off, then going aft shipped the tiller and 
steered by guess. Blinded by the smoke he missed 
the beach, the boat struck on a rock and rebounding, 
slid back into deep water, where it burned down to 
the water's edge and sank. Six lives were lost on this 
occasion. 

"Old Dick," who, for several years, wandered up and 
down the lake, with his box of •' Rattell Snaicks," at 
" sixpents site," was aboard when the boat struck. 
The box containing the "snaicks" was washed 
ashore with a little girl clinging to one end, while, 
from the trap-door at the other er.d which had be- 
come unfastened, the heads of the reptiles were lifted 
up, swaying and moving about as they w^ere tossed 
by the waves, until the box grounded when they 
glided over the side, across the beach, and disap- 
peared in the thicket. 

f'Tlie *'Minne-lia-lia" began in 1857 and ran 
until I 876. Her hull now rests in the little bay north 
of Black Mountain Point. 



LAKE GEORGE 55 

The "Ticonderoga" (side-wheel steamer), was 
built at tlie company's ship yard near the outlet, 
and launched August 23, 1883. Its dimensions 
were 172 feet in length over all, 28 feet beam, 9 
feet hold, greatest width of guards 46 feet, draft 
loaded, 4i/^ feet. This boat was destroyed by fire 
at Rogers' Rock, August 29th, 1901. 

The steamboat service at present is thorough, 
convenient, and satisfactory to the public gener- 
ally. The boats belong to the Champlain Trans- 
portation Company, with offices at Burlington, 
Vt. The boats on Lake George and Lake Cham- 
plain (connected by train between the two) form 
a continuous day line through tbe two Lakes. 

The original "Horicon" was built at the landing 
near the outlet in 1876, and re-built at Baldwin in 
1902. After continuous service for 35 years 1911 
sees the faithful craft on the road to the scrap 
heap and a new "Horicon" to take its place and 
name. 

The Sagamore was built at Baldwin by the W. 
& Fletcher Co., of Hoboken, N. J., in 1902. The 
boat is thoroughly up to date in its fittings. Its 
dimensions are 224 feet length over all, 30 feet 
moulded beam, 54 feet beam over all. The hull 
is of steel divided into three water-tight compart- 
ments by bulkheads. It has a vertical beam en- 
gine, cylinder 44 inches in diameter, 10 feet 
stroke of piston, has Morgan feathering wheels 
and will make 20 miles an hour. It has steam 
steering gear; is lighted by electricity, and has 
a 14-inch search light. The hurricane deck is ar- 
ranged for the convenience of passengers, and is 
accessible aft by companionways heading from 
the deck below. The dining-room is on the main 
deck. 



56 LAKE GEORGE 

The Horicon (new) was built at Baldwin dur- 
ing the winter of 1910-1911. It is 231 feet long, 
59 feet beam, has three decks with passenger ac- 
commodations for 1500 people; dining room lo- 
cated on main deck aft, seating capacity 100 per- 
sons. The hull and engine were contracted for 
through the well known shipbuilding firm, W, & 
A. Fletcher Co., Hoboken, N. J. The hull was 
launched December 1st, 1910. The boat is pro- 
vided with two boilers 10 feet 6 inches wide, 26 
feet long; the engine is the jet condensing beam 
type, diameter of cylinder 52 in., stroke of piston 
10 ft. Patent feathering wheels 22 1-2 ft. dia- 
meter, 8 ft. 9 in. wide, with curved steel buckets. 
The dining cabin, quarter-deck and main saloon 
is finished in butternut with cherry trimming to 
show the natural wood. The boat will develop a 
speed of 21 miles an hour. 

The "Horicon" leaves Lake George (south end 
of the lake), at about 10:00 a. m. (on arrival of the 
train from Albany and Troy and connection from 
the Hudson River night boats and. N. Y. through 
sleeping cars), and touching at the various land- 
ings reaches Baldwin about noon, where passen- 
gers are transferred by rail to the Champlain boat 
at Montcalm Landing. In the afternoon the Hori- 
con returns from Baldwin with passengers from 
the Champlain boat, connecting at Lake George 
station with trains south to Troy, Albany and 
New York. Fare through the Lake $1.50 either 
way. Excursion tickets good on date of sale only 
The Sagamore runs on Sundays, during July and 
August. The dining room is on the main 



LAKE GEORGE 57 

deck. Dinners are served going north and im- 
mediately after leaving Baldwin, going south. 
Price $1.00. The taole is wholesome, substantial, 
and of the best material and served in good man 
ner. To feast the eye on the beauties of Lake 
George and satisfy the craving of a healthy appe 
cite, such as Lake George air usually brings is a 
happy combination of good things. 

The "Mohican," new (built in 1908), length ovei 
all, 115 feet; 26 1-2 ft. beam outside ihe guards, 
twin sc''<^w nropeller, with two direct acting com 
Her regular trip is between Lake George, Pearl 
Point and Paradise Bay during July and August 

The boat is subject to charter when not running 
on regular trips. During May, before the largei 
boats are in service, and in October, afier Lhe> 
have been withdrawn, the Mohican makes the 
round trip daily, Sundays excepted, leaving Bald 
win at about 7 a. m. Returning leaves Lake 
George station about 2:40 p. m., or on arrival of 
train from the south. 

During July and August the fast power boat 
"The Mountaineer" (new), leaves Lake George 
station at 10:00 a. m., 3:00 p. m., 5:00 p. m. and 
8:00 p. m., making signal landings along the west 
shore as far as Marion, thence across to Victoria 
Lodge and Kattskill Bay, returning by the east 
shore. 

The motor boat "Pampero" during July and 
August also leaves Lake George station at 9:00 
a. m., 2:00 p. m., 4:00 p. m. and 7:00 p. m., mak 
ing signal landings along the east shore as far 
as Assembly Point, thence across to Marion and 
the Country Club, returning by the west shore. 



58 LA^E GfiOtlGB 

Both of thfe above trips occupy about an hour 
and a half and furnishes a delightful short ex- 
cursion trip for parties visiting Lake George with 
only a limited time at their command. Only hand 
baggage is carried. Fare for the round trip, 50 
cents; fare between Lake George and Marion 
House, Pilot Knob or Kattskill Bay, 35 cents; 
fare between other intermediate landings, 25 
cents. 

Small steamers may be chartered at from $15 
to $25 per day. 

The Marine Railway, branching from the main 
line and extending out into deep water at the 
nead of Lake George is of extreme value and 
convenience to motor-boat owners who may wish 
transfer from the Hudson River or other points 
By this arrangement boats drawing six feet or 
less can be run out into floating depths, reducing 
the possibility of injury in handling by old meth- 
ods TO a minimum, and, ordinarily with good econ- 
omy, the rates ranging from .$10 to ^oij, as given 
in tariff, which will be friniislicd on application 
to the D. & H. ofRciab 

The fare through the Lake is $1.25 with priv- 
ilege of return free the same day. Other dis- 
tances in proportion with like return, usually for 
which enquire of the Purser on board. 



DOWN THE LAKE. 

!/5y aid of accompanying page maps and out- 
line cuts distributed through the book, the reader 
^iiould have no didiculty in locating points of in- 
terest as seen from the steamboats. Travelers 
from the north should read paragraphs in reverse 
oidei'. beginning at Ticonderoga. "East" and 
'"west" indicate side to look from the channel 
usually taken by the steamboat. Distances given 
are air-line distances from Caldwell, unless stated 
differently. 

From the station landing look down the Lake. 
The outstretching point extending from the west 
terminates in Tea Island, about a mile distant. 
Over this is seen Tongue Mountain, and a little 
at the right, the round top of Shelving Rock. 
About two miles beyond Tea Island, at the right, 
is Diamond Island; beyond this, partially hidden 
by it, is Long Island, at right of Long Island is 
Assembly Point. About two miles away on the 
light is Plum Point; on the high ground, a little 
ncaior, is seen the summer place of the Paulist 
FatluMs. Xcarcr. showing as a headland is Cros- 
I)ysidp. 0\er the Beach at the east, rise the 
sloiies of Fiench Mountain and back toward the 
south, among llie trees, are the ruins of Foit 
Hoome. Towai'd the west is Prospect Mountain, 
nt its base on the west shore, the village of Lake 
(3(orge 

Tea Island is a little gem by the west shore 
somewhat resembling the crater of an extinct 







MAP OF LAKE GEORGE. 

Section No. I. 



LAKE GEORGE 61 

volcano, with the rim broken away on the east 
side, forming a beautiful harbor in minature. 
Tradition says Abercrombe buried gold and valu 
ables here. 

A little further north where the road runs well 
up the side of the rising ground at the west is the 
summer home of George Foster Peabody, philan- 
thropist of national fame. 

St. Mary's of the Lake, on the east side, is the 
summer place of the Paulist Fathers, who also 
own Harbor Islands, camping there occasionally 
in the summer time. 

Plum Point, a half-mile north of the St. Mary's 
received its name, it is said, because of the large 




12 3 4 5 

APPROACHING DIAMON'" "^LAND LOOKING NORTH. 

I Diamond Island; 2 Tongue Mt. Sanford Islands, 4 Assembly Pt ; 
S Buck Mountam. 

quantities of plums once raised here. The cas- 
ual observer will see no plums, and may not see 
the point. Dunham's Bay opens up on the right. 
At its head is Lake George Park. 

Diamond Island, near the centre of the lake, 
three miles from its head, was so named because 
of the fine quartz crystals once found here in con- 
siderable quantities. It was fortified and used 



n2 LAKE GEORGE 

as a military depot by Burgoyne after his cap- 
ture of Ticonderoga in 1777, and the same year 
was the scene of an engagement between the 
English then in possession and a party of Amer- 
icans under Coi. John Brown, resulting in the de- 
feat of the latter. 

Cramer's Point (west side two and three-fourths 
miles) was an island when the islands all be- 
longed to the state, but it is said that a former 
owner of (he adjoining shore looked upon it with 
longing eyes, and one night the kind waves, or 
something equally efficacious, filled up the inter- 
vening space with earth, the island and the main 
land clasped hands across the muddy chasm and 
the two were made one so that thereafter no law 
was found to put them asunder. 

The Antlers is the large building on the west 
ihree and one-half miles). Jerome Burton, pro 
prietor. 

Reld's Rock is just north of Cannon Point 
(west three and three-quarters miles). A man 
ramed Held, whose love for rum had taken him 
across the lake one stormy night in late autumn, 
was found on this rock in the morning frozen 
?.tiff, and covered with ice from the dashing 
■^piay. 

Crcut Bay is entered between Reid's Rock and 
Cannon Point. "The Healing Spring" is just over 
I he ridge west of this bay, and may be reached 
along shore. 

Diamond Point (west 4 miles) comes next. The 
quartz here, like that of Diamond Island, occa- 
sionally yields very pretty crystals. Sampson 
Paul, an Indian, who flourished over half a cen- 



LAKE GEORGE 63 

tury ago, once with a common fishing spear here, 
killed a panther as he was coming out of the 
water benumbed with cold. Diamond Point House 
boats do not land. Reached by carriage from 
Lake George, or by small steamers. P. O., Hill 
View. Geo. W. LaSalle, proprietor. Canoe Islands 
(west 4' 1-2 miles), east of Diamond Point HoUjC, 
about midway between it and Long Island. Here 
in 1880 the American Canoe Association was or- 
ganized. 

Long Island is the largest island at Lake George, 
being something more than a mile in length. 
The deed by which it was transferred by King 
George to private parties, bears date of July 4. 
1770. The house near its centre is the summer 
place of its owner, Dr. D. S. Sanford, of New 
York, who, here with his three charming girls, 
spends the long summers in robust idealism, 
which recognizes nothing finer in the world. As 
a fad-remarkable can be seen on this mile-long 
island every specie of tree and shrub common to 
Lake George and its lattitude and some that may 
be termed exotic. 

South Island, separated by a shallow strait from 
Long Island, usually displays two or three model 
Canvas camps occupied by free permission of the 
owner. 

Assembly Point is at the right, 4 1-2 miles 
York. Assembly Point is at the right. 4 1-2 miles 
from Caldwell, beyond, is Harris Bay, about three 
quarters of a mile in width, extending south mor(- 
than 1 1-2 miles, at one place almost making an 
island of Assembly Point. Near its head is the 
Happy Family group of four pretty little islands. 
Tliis section is quite noted for pickerel fishing. 



64 LAKE GEORGE 

Ripley's Point extends northward about a mile 
east of Assembly Point (right 5 1-2 miles from 
Caldwell). It is a pleasant colony of cottage 
camps, popular and populous during the summer, 
with Glens Falls, Hudson Falls and Fort Edward 
people. 

Horicon Lodge, which stood on Ripley's Point, 
was destroyed by fire in 1911. The landing is 
maintained for the accommodation of cottagers. 
P. O. Cleverdale. 

Hotel Willard is on Sheldon's Point with capac- 
ity for about 100 guests. Rates are $3 and up per 
day, $12 to $17.50 per week. 

Grove Hotel (right 7 miles), is among the trees 
on the east shore of the bay that makes deep 
down into Harrisena. Capacity of the house and 
cottages about 75. $2 day; $8-$10 per week. 

Trout Pavilion is on the east side of Kattskill 
Bay, seven miles from Caldwell as the boat runs. 
Its pleasant grouping of hotel and cottages among 
the trees impress one favorably. Accommodations 
are here afforded for nearly 100 guests. Water 
comes from a mountain spring and a farm con- 
nected with the house supplies fresh vegetables. 
All steamers land. The place is quite noted as a 
fishing resort. All necessaries of the sport with 
guides and boats are supplied. George H. Cronk- 



LAKE GEORGE 65 

hite, who as boy and man, has resided here all his 
life, is proprietor. Rates $2-$3 day; $12 to $15 
per week. Long distance telephone in oflBce. 

Elizabeth Island appears as a point of the shore 
north of the Kattskill House. 

Pilot Mountain (right, 7 miles, air line from 
Caldwell), nearly sharp at its summit, descends 
steeply to the Lake at points where we touched. 
Buck Mountain (right, 9 miles), a grand rocky, 
round-featured dome on the east, rising 2,000 feet 
above the lake. With Pilot Mountain on its south 
flank it is locally known as the "deer pasture." 

Marion House is on the west side of the lake, 
0V2 miles north of the s'^eamboat landing, at its 
head. All line boats land on their trips north and 
south. Accommodations are ncre o'te<'et! for ?5( 
guests. A regular postofRce, telegraph and tele, 
phone are in the house. Golf, tennis and croquet 
grounds are on the hotel preserve. Boat and car- 
riage liveries supply all needs. Picturesque roads 
along shore and backward over the mountains in- 
vite to riding and driving, and shaded walks to that 
oest of exercise for which nature has made pro- 
v^ision. About the house are a variety of native 
crees — oak, pine, birch and butternut. Directly 
west is a bluff, with forest at base and summit 
and in the depths good hunting for the smaller 
game. The house has communicating rooms and 
rooms with private baths. Guests of the Marion 



LAKE GEORGE 67 

nave golf privileges on the Lake George club 
course subject to N. Y. rules governing kindred 
ganizations. The proprietor is a member of the 
American Motor League and the needs of the mo- 
lotorists have been anticipated in a new garage 
with necessaries and supplies. Rates are from $3 
up per day, $20 up per week with $35 and upward 
for two in one room. For particulars apply to 
Joseph H. Marvel, Westside, N. Y. 

The Lake George Club has its home in the fine 
building, modern in every feature, a little way 
south of the Marion. W. K. Bixby is president. 
The club is composed of men who are recognized 
as having the best interests of Lake George at 
heart. It has been called the "Millionaires' Club" 
but you can stop for $50 a year if you are all 
right otherwise. 

Victoria Lodge is on the east side, about 8 miles 
from the head, with a number of lesser cottages 
scattered along at the foot of Buck Mountain. 
Postoffice, Pilot Knob, N. Y. 

Northward from Hotel Marion are a number of 
pretty little islands and the fine sweep of Basin 
Bay. The Three Brothers' Islands, now united by 
a continuous bridge, were owned and during the 
season occupied by the late Spencer Trask. 

Bolvoir Island, seeming a point of the main land 
until a narrow passage way reveals the open bay 
at the west, belongs to Rev. Geo. W. Clow of White 
Plains. A number of modest cottages are here 
among the trees. Recluse Island is just east of 
Belvoir Island, the steamer passing on the easi 
and circling round it toward the west to make 



dS LAKE GEORGE 

Rolton Landing. It is owned by Hon. Pliny T. 
Hexton, of Palmyra. This island was the subject 




123 4 5 6 78 

Recluse •. 2 Crown ; 3 North West Bay ; 4 Tongue Mountain , 5 Dome ; 
6 The Narrows; 7 Shelving Rock; 8 Black A'ountain. 

Looking north from near Dome Island, 
of the "earthquake hoax" of 1868, at which time 
it was reported in the New York papers as hav- 
ing sunk 80 feet below the surface. A graceful 
bridge connects it with what was once known as 
sloop island. Dome Island is nine miles from 
Caldwell, near the centre of the lake. Seev 
from the north or south, it has the appear- 
ance of a huge emerald dome, somewhat flat- 
tened, but bearing enough of the appearance tc 
justify the name. This island was purchased 
from the Stale in 1856, for $100. It is also the 
property of the owner of Recluse Island. A gold 
mine is in the side of Buck Mountain, near the 
water's edge, easterly across the lake from Dome 
Island. It Is said that gold is here in paying quan- 
tities and that platinum is also found. The Calf 
Pen is a notable notch in the rock along shore 
near the gold mine. The section between this and 
Dome Island is noted as deep water fishing 
ground. 



69 




MAP OF LAKE GEORGE. 
Section No. 2. 



LAKE GEORGE 71 

The Lake View House is on Bolton Bay, west- 
ward from Belvoir Island. Capacity about 3 00. 
Rates $2.50 to $3.00 day, $12.50-$17.50 per week. 
B. A. Morey, Proprietor. P. O., Bolton, N. Y. 

The house stands on a point of land projecting 
from the west shore, surrounded by a grove of 
native trees affording the maximum of breeziuess 
v/ith a minimum of exposure to the sun. The 
grounds are picturesque and the effort has been 
quite successfully made of leaving nature's per- 
fect work comparatively untouched while relieving 
the place of unsightly objects and making all trim 
and accessible. The outlook is unsurpassed any- 
where for quiet and beauty as revealed in retreat- 
ing headlands and pretty grouping of island forms 
and gate-like openings in the distant Narrows, be- 
yond which rises giant Black Mountain. A pleas- 
ant feature is the tennis court among the trees, 
completely shaded from morning and afternoon 
sun. All the amusements common to summer 
places may be enjoyed here. A large room for 
hops, etc., affords opportunity for evening gath- 
erings. A dark room on the grounds is a con- 
venience appreciated by amateur photograpehrs 
A motor boat makes regular trips to and from the 
public landing on the arrival of the regular steam- 
ers. Guests of the house are welcome to free 
transportation whenever the boat runs, and the 



72 LAKE GEORGE 

going back and forth is a feature approved of by 
many. The Lake View is deserving of the highest 
commendation, although as the proprietor all too 
modestly expresses it, "Just a plain, old-fashioned 
house, where the young people may enjoy them- 
selves and quiet people take comfort." There 
is a distinct departure this iseason in that a 
"grill" has been added in a new detached building. 
Sweet Brier Island, north of the Lake View, at 
the entrance of Phantom Bay. The bold point 
north of Sweet Brier Island and the handsome 
villa back of the little bay, surrounded by an 
ample lawn on which are seen statutes of men and 
iieasts, belor.g to William Demuth of New York. 




THE ALGONQUIN. 



LAKE GEORGE 73 

The Algonquin is on the west shore of the lit- 
• le bay back of Sweet Briar Island witli capacity 
for 75 guests. Its furnishings are up-to-date and 
the house presents an attractive appearance with 
its surroundings of locusts and maples. The 
house is again under the management of its 
owner, E. G. Penfield. Address Bolton Landing. 
Daily rates at the Algonquin are $2.50 to $3.50; 
per week, $14.00 to $23. Open June to September. 
$3.00 per week. Rates for board, $2 50 to $3.00 

Bolton Landing is a little north of the old land- 
ing place, the dock building gabled and shingled 
on roof and sides. The Church of St. Sacrament 
is on a spur of the hill southwest of Bolton Land- 
ing, its bell tower, like some dwarf lighthouse, 
standing in front. A little to the north is the Ro- 
man Catholic Church. A Baptist Church is at the 
village, still further along. The village of a sin- 
gle street, lies back a little way a picturesque and 
pretty hamlet, restful, drowsy even, calm and 
attractive. 

Wilson's is a comfortable house on the west side 
of the village street, with accommodations for 
about 30. Rates, $2 per day; $9-$14 per week. 
Open all the year. The Stewart House, a little 
farther north, takes boarders during the summer. 
Apply for particulars. 



LAKE GEORGE 77 

Motorists bound north should take steamer here 
at Bolton Landing for Sabbath Day Point, Hague 
or Rogers Rock landing. Fare to Sabbath Day 
Point $2.50 to $3.50, according to rating of car. 
Driver free. The drive over Hague Mountain is 
difficult and should not be undertaken except by 
the surest of hill climbers. 

The Fenimore is at the west end of the bridge 
that connects with Green Island. J. H. Flaherty, 
Proprietor. 

The Sagamore, which stood at the south end of 
(xieen Island, was totally destroyed by fire April 
1.2, 1914. Its rebuilding is uncertain. The cot- 
tages surrounding are owned by members of the 
club and occupied by them pending decision. T. 
Edmund Krumbhcls, former manager, is proprip- 
tor of the Kirkwood of Camden Heights, South 
Carolina. 

Krom the Sagamore dock the boat runs almost 
^Mie east toward the Narrows, about two miles dis- 
fart. Crown Island (west 10 miles), but a little 
distance from Green Island, is the summer place 
'^f William T. Wells, President of the Wells Rust- 
less Iron Company, of New York. A picturesque 
(Hieen Anne cottage on the swelling south shore 
ihickly growing trees rising evenly to its royal 
summit, with glimpses of winding walks caugh* 
from the passing steamer, suggests the refinement 
of summer rest and seclusion on this "Tight Little 
Islanr " Northwest Bay (or "Ganouski," as the 
'nf'ians called it) extends northward about four 
miles beyond Crown island. When midway of 
the I ake notice in the abrupt termination of the 
Ion ; mountain extending southerly beyond Shelv- 
ing Rock, the Sleeping Beauty, in fine profile 



78 LAKE GEORGE 

against the sky, with face thrown backward and 
chin uprising from the lower forests at the south. 
The Bungalow Islands form a pretty group near 
th3 east shore in the bay south of Shelving Rock. 
On one, the late Delevan Bloodgood, medical di- 
rector U. S. Navy, has built picturesquely after 
th3 fashion of the East Indian bungalow. Along 
the rocky shore of the mainland are many pretty 
bays and headlands. At one point a little brook 
makes out over a beach; up this stream, a little 
way, is a little gem, among cascades, called Shelv- 
ing Rock Falls. Turning toward the west we see 
Tongue Mountain, rugged and broken, west of the 
Narrows, which sloping gradually southward, ter- 
minates in Montcalm Point, owned by Mr. J. Bu- 
chanan Henry. West of the mountain is North- 
west Bay. "Green Oaks," the summer place of 
E. Corning Smith, of Albany, is on Turtle Island, 
lying within the Narrows northeast of Montcalm 
Point. Nearer is Oahu Island (west 11 miles), the 
property of Gen, P. F. Bellinger, of Elizabeth, N. 
J. Gen. Bellinger occupies the cottage toward 
the south, while the one near the north end is 
the summer place of J. W. Moore, Chief Engineer 
U. S. Navy. Fourteen Mile Island is on the east 
Why called Fourteen Mile Island the oldest inhab- 
itant does not pretend to say. It is presumed, 
however, that fourteen miles was the estimated 
distance from Fort William Henry before actual 
measurement demonstrated it to be less. The 
island has an area of twelve acres. On the east 
side of the island, separating it from the main- 
land, is a narrow and deep channel, tnrough which 
the largest steamers can pass. Here is another* 
dock where excursion steamers land. This island 



so LAKE GEORGE 

belongs to W. H. Beardsley, of tlie Florida East 
Coast Railway. 

Mr. George O. Knapp of Chicago, whose summer 
place stands back on higher ground against Shelv- 
ing Rock, owns the main land and shore from 
Shelving Rock Bay to Black Mountain Point. 

The Pearl Point House, star ding on the ex 
treme point of land projecting from the east 
shore out into the Narrows, is the only hotel in 
this [met of the lake. 

Rambling, quaint and profusely ornate in arch- 
itecture, Pearl Point attracts much attention and 
admiration. It has piazzas on all sides resulting 
in cozy nooks with choice in wet or dry, sun or 
shade, heat and cold. The abundance of native 
trees that crowd close about almost hides it from 
view, yet with clear space below, admits free pas- 
sage to every breeze that comes to it over the 
surrounding water. Including iioarby collages, it 
will provide for 100 guests. Boating is possible 
in nearly all weathers, even in winds, which 
might interfere in the more open lake. Fishing 
is equal to the best grounds of the Narrows. 
I.ong distance telephone brings the outside world 
near. It is under the management of Dr. J. Suth- 
erland Stuart. Rates, $4 per day, $17.50-$21 per 
week single, $28-$42 double. Post Office, Shelv- 
ing Rock, N. Y. Dr. Stuart in winter is manager 
of Maitland Inn, Maitland, Fla. 

The Islands of the Narrows are best seoA from 
the rocky outlook a little way up on the side of 
Shelving Rock. West is Ranger Island, with the 
pretty cottage and sharp-peaked tower. Next to- 
ward the north is Juanita, where the Bullard 
brothers (and sisters) come. On Glen Island, 
next at the north, the "Cold Water Club," com- 



LAKE GEORGE 



83 



posed of solid men from Glens Falls, become boys 
again every year; see map page 68. The pretty 
cottage on Phantom Island is owned by J. A. Hol- 
den, State Historian, of Glens Falls, and will be 
occupied by himself and family during the season. 
Gravelly Island is the nearest to Pearl Point at 
the north. Over toward the west shore, between 
Ranger and Juanita Islands, can be seen parts of 
big "Turtle" and "Phelps" Islands. All of these 




WEST FCOM SHELVING KOCK. 

I Ranger. Island ; 5 Juanita Island. 

islands except Turtle belong to the State. 

Burnt Island is the largest of the Hundred Isl- 
and group, and occupies a central position toward 
the north.. As-You-Are Island is the last of the 
group near the west shore. Once an old hunter 
who had been a soldier snapped his flintlock mus- 
ket at a deer that had taken refuge here but 



84 



LAKE GEORGE 



iriissed fire, and he cried excitedlj', "As you are 
nil I piiine." IMie friL;litened creatine, not luiow 
ln,^ vvliicii way (o liini, stood until a second snap 
rendered (lying imi)03sible. Little Harbor Island, 
east or tl;e last named, has on its north border one 
of the curious holes in the rock caused by the 
action of moving" water and bowlders kept turning 
until they w^-e their way down into the softer 




4 5 6 

NORTH FROM SHELVING ROCK. 

I Tongue Mt.; 2 Deer's Leap ; 3 Black Mt.; 4 Pearl Point ; 5 Phantom 
Island; 6 Gravelly Islai.d ; 7 Paradise Point. 



rock. Fork Island, its shape suggesting its name, 
terminates the cluster at the northeast. French 
Point piojects from the west shore, 13 miles 
north of Caldwell and is owned and occupied dur- 
ing the summer hy Mr. W. Stanford of Schenec- 
tady. 

Paradise Bay, on the east side, opposite French 
Point, is usually the objective point in the excur- 
sions made from the head of the lalce. It is sepa- 
rated from Red Rock Bay on the south by Para- 



LAKE GEORGE. ' 85 

dise Point. At its northern entrance are a number oi 
pretty islands. There are other islands about here, 
some rising abruptly from the depths, moss-draped 
and thicket-crowned while others only see the light 
when the water sinks to its lowest level All around 
are treacherous shoals and leefs, and when the light 
is right and the water rough, you may see the surface 
chect-edand spotted by the bright green that marks 
their position, while the little steamer with many a 
graceful turn, threads the labyrinth as the verdant 
gateways open and close along her course. 




NARROWS FROM I HE NORTH . 

Black MountaiD stands on our right, the " Mon- 
arch of the Lake." It stretches away to the north, seem- 
ing to recede as we approach and to travel with us, 
its granite crest lifted over two thousand feet above 
us, its rocky S'des seamed and scarred and reddened 
by fires that have swept over it in times past. A 
sentinel, it seems, overlooking the whole lake and 
mountains round about; the first to welcome the 
rising sun. and at evening, glowing in the splendoi 
of the dying day, while the valleys below are misty 
with the shadows of coming night. From its sum 



LARE GEORGE. 

mit, 2,661 feet above tide, and 2,315 above Lake 
George, nearly the entire lake may -be seen To the 
north is Lake Champlain ; at the east lie the Green 
Mountains; on the west and north the Adirondacks 
rise one above another, while away toward the south. 




BLACK MOUNTAIN. 



like a thread of silver, stretches the mighty Hudson. 
If you make the ascent don't forget to take an extra 
blanket or heavy shawl, and don't forget the luncheon. 
From Black Mountain Point a road ascends to the 
top of Black IMountain. 

Half "Way Isle is under the west shore, the centre 
of a circle, of v hich the circumference is the rim of 
a mountain that rises, amphitheater-like, around its 
western side. The "Three Sirens," lovely and 
inviting, bat surrounded by dangerous shoals and 
reefs, are near the middle of the lake near.y opj^osiiC 
Half Way Island. Hatcliet Island is one of the 
same chain; the derivation of the n.nno is unl-inown, 
but tradition connects it with an India 1 luLclict which 
some one found there some time. Ono Tree Isl- 
and is just west of the channel usually f-liowed. 
which here runs close under the east shore. '1 he 



LAKE GEORGE. 



87 



stump is all that remains of that " one tree." 
Floating Battery is north of One Tree Island. 
It IS the southernmost large isL-.nd of the group 
lying along the east shore opposite the highest 
point of Black Mountain. In the little bay at its 



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123 4 

NORTH FROM BLACK MOUNTAIN POINT. 

I The Sirens ; 2 Deer's Leap Mt.; 3 Floating Battery Island; 
4 Black Mountain Point. 

south end is the remains of what is said to be one 
of the two "caslles" (floating batteries, or gunboats), 
built to accompany Abercrombie down the lake in his 
advance on Ticonderoga, in 1758. The name is 
sometimes applied to the entire group, as it stretches 
northward. Motber Buncll is the name given to 
the northernmost member of the group, because, it is 
said, of a fancied resemblance between a rock standing 
on the east shore of one of the islands anC ctn old wo- 
man. 4 The name is a beautiful tribute to the memory 
of the old lady any way, while the classic elegance 
and appropriateness of the term only fell short of ab- 
solute inspiration in that it was not advanced a step 
farther to '• Grandmother" Bunch, and done with it. 
Tlie Gives Rock is a solid wall, breaking off per- 
pendicularlv Irom the mountain slope on the^riffht, at 



1 LAKE GEORGE. 

the north end of Mother Bunch group. Water con 
stantly drips over its face, and cives (a species of garii'- 
growing in tufts), spring spontaneously from its fis 
sures. The largest boats can be laid up along side of 
this rock in still weather. 

Tlie Harbor Islands are near the center of the 
lake, the west channel passing close by their western 
border. They are owned by the Paulists, who re- 
ceived a title to them from the State in 1872, and who 
occupy them occasionally as a camping place. The 
group is the first of any considerable size on the west 




I 2 3 

SOUTH FROM SABBATH DAY POINT. 

I Black Mountain ; j Deer's Leap. 

side, north of the Narrows, and was once the scene of 
one of the bloodiest cngagemenis in the history of the 
lake. On the 25th of July, 1757, a party of between 
three and four hundred English, commanded by Col. 
John Parker, left Fort William Henry, and under 
cover of the darkness proceeded down the lake on a 
scout. When near this place, at dawn of the next 
morning, dark objects shot out from among the isl- 
ands to meet them, while the savage war-whoop 
sounded on all sides. As the yelling horde advanced 
the English became panic-stricken and sought safety 



LAKE GEORGE. 

in flight, but their clumsy l^arges were no match for 
the light canoes of the enemy. Some threw them- 
selves into the lake and succeeded in reaching the 
shore and were there pursued and struck down by the 
savages. * )ue hundred and thirty-one English were 
killed outright, twelve escaped, and the rest were 
taken prisoners. Father Roubaud, a Jesuit priest, 
says in his ' ' Relations " : ' ' The first object which pre- 
sented itself to my e3^es on arriving there was a large 
fire, while the wooden spits fixed in the earth gave 
signs of a feast — indeed, there was one taking place. 
But oh, Heaven, what a feast ! The remains of the 
body of an Englishman were there, the skin stripped 
off and more than one-half of the flesh gone. A mo- 
ment after I perceived these inhunan beings eat, 
with famishing avidiiy. of this human flesh; I saw 
them taking up this detestable broth in large spoons 
and, apparently, without bemg able to satisfy them 
selves with it; they informed me that they had pre- 
pared themselves for this feast by drinking from 
skulls filled with hum in blood, while their smeared 
faces and stained lips gave evidence of the truth of 
the story." The good father attempted to reason with 
them, but to no avail. One said to him : " Voi^ have 
French taste ; I have Indian ; this food is good for 
vieT offering at the same time a piece of the human 
flesh to the horrified priest. 

Vicar's Island is just north of the Harbor Isl- 
ands. Here, on its northern border, an affecting 
incident transpired once, of which Captain Sam 
Patchen, who lived at Sabbath Day Point at the time, 
was the hero. One winter's day the Captain con- 
ceived the idea of sailing his grist to Bolton mill on 
the ice, so, piling the bags of grain into the "Id cut- 
ter and with a pitchfork held firmly in his hands for a 
rndder. he hoisted sail and sped away before a strong 
north wind. The old man was, ii is said, given t'^ 



LAkE GEd-RGfc. 

spiritual tHings and had, on this occasion, hoisted in 
rather too much rye in the Hquid form to conduce to 
the safe transportation of that in the bags. The ice 
was "glare," and the cutter sailed well — remarkably 
well ; but there was not so much certainty about the 
satisfactory behavior of the steering apparatus. The 
craft insisted on heading directly for the island, and 
could not be diverted from its course. An idea now 
occurred to the veteran. The cutter was of the kind 
called "jumper," a mettlesome old jumper at that, 
and the captain had great confidence in its ability to 
do whatever it undertook, so he decided to jump the 
island. He tried it ! It was not, strictly speaking, a 
success, for when the cutter reached the shore it 
paused against a rock, while Sam who seemed anxious 
to get along continued on some distance with the bags 
and finally brought up deep in a snow drift. Captain 
Sam was always dignified, but on this occasion it is 
said his manner of resting on that snow-drift was re- 
markably impressive. Even the snow felt moved, 
and the island itself was touched. When finally he 
came out and set his radiant face homeward, the 
records say that it was not a Sam of joy or a Sam of 
thanksgiving, but a Sam abounding in language that 
would have set a mule driver up in business, and 
brought despair to the boss canvasman of any circus 
that ever was. 

Deer's Leap Mountain is on the west, a litt'e 
way nort^ of Vicar's Island. The topis rounded, the 
side facing the lake a perpendicular wall of rock. At 
its foot are great fragments of rock, that have fallen 
from time to time, said to be the home of the rattle- 
snake. Here, once on a time, a buck, pursued by 
hunters, was driven and reached the brow of the 
precipice with a pack of ye'.ling hounds close at his 
heels. 

" Not the least obeisance made he : 
Not a minute stopped or staved he— 



LAKE GEORGE. 

but leaping for life, far out over the giddy height fell 
and was impaled on the point of a tree below. 

Huletts Landing is north of Black Mountain, 
at the base of the mountain known as the Kle 
phant, 18 miles from Caldwell. The main group 
of buildings, with the various cottages and bun 
galos, accommodate 250 guests. 

Meadow Point, with a cluster of pretty cottageo, 
is north of Hulett's on the same shore. 

Hog's Back is the rugged mountain extending 
along on the east. Near its highest point Putnam 
and Rogers orce came upon an Indian encamp- 
ment, and, after the heroic manner of warfare in 
those days left none to tell the tale. North 
of Hog's Back stretches Spruce Mountain — strik- 
.ngly bold and precipitous. Bluff Head is the long 
point extending out from the east shore. The 
late Rev. A. D. Gillette, D. D., for many years pas- 
tor of Calvary Church, New York, made this his 
summer home. His widow and sons, Dr. Walter 
R. and Daniel G. Gillette, have cottages here now 

From Hulett's Landing we run diagonally across 
the lake to Sabbath Day Point, about two miles 
distant. As we draw near to the point glance 
backward toward Black Mountain and note how 
the old giant asserts his supremacy, rising up tc 
overtop his less stately supporters. A little furthei 
along and he is again the stately center of the pic 
ture. The Elephant stands back there at the north 
end of Black Mountain. Note his well formed head 
toward the west; his eye; the rift that marks the 
outline of his massive jaw; the wrinkled necfe 
and great rounded back with scattered bristles 
of dead pines clearly defined against the sky be 




MAP OF LAKE GEORGE. 
Section No. 3. 



LAKE GEORGE 95 

yond. Sugar Loaf Mountain is over at the left of 
the Elephant. Its summit, viewed from a little 
distance north of Sabbath Day Point, looks very 
like a pig lying down, with his sharp nose point- 
ing east. These animals were undoubtedly of the 
lot created "in the beginning." Twin Mountains 
are seen in the southwest from Sabbath Day 
Point. The southernmost one is the Deer's 
Leap, the other known locally as Bloomer Moun- 
tain. 

Sabbath Day Point (west, about 19 1-2 miles 
from Caldwell) has been the scene of many stir- 
ring incidents in the history of Lake George. It 
commands the approach by water on either hand, 
and would naturally be selected for a camping 
place by parties who might have reason to ex- 
pect the advance of an enemy. Here, in 1756, a body 
of provincials, under Putnam and Rogers repulsed 
a superior force of French and Indians. On the 
5th of July, 1758, Abercombrie, with his splendidly 
equipped army of over fifteen thousand men, land- 
ed for rest and refreshment, remaining until near 
midnight, when he moved down the lake, leaving 
immense fire 5 burning, to give his watchful ene- 
my the impression that he was still there. In 
July of the following year it is said Gen. Amherst, 
with twelve thousand men, landed and passed the 
Sabbath with appropriate religious ceremonies. 
To this circumstance is sometimes ascribed the 
name, although it nad been known as Sabbath 
Day Point for some years. Regarding the name 
it is not even certain that "Sabbath Day" was the 
name first applied. In the "life and correspond 
ence of Charles Carroll of Carrollton," pages 376- 



96 LAKE GEORGE 

381 first Vol., the following items in his journa' 
of April 20, 1776. 

April 20 — "We were informed that the west 
shore of the lake at the place called Sabatay 
Point was much incumbered with ice. The coun- 
try is wild and appears incapable of ciillivation. 
It is a fine deer country and likely to remain so, 
for I think it will never be inhabited. 

April 22 — There is but one settlement on Lake 
George. Sabatay Point. I understood there 
were about 60 acres of good land at that Point.' 

The name "Sabaty" appears to ne French and it 
is probable that the residents gradually Ameri- 
canized the name to "Sabbath Day" by its similar 
ity of sound is the conclusion reached by Joseph 
F. Griffith who is authority for the above. 

Concerning the first settler, the following docu 
mentary evidence is found in the office of the 
Secretary of State, at Albany: 

New York Colonial Mss. Land Papers, Vol. XVII. 
Page 148. 

To the Honorable Cadwallader Colden; 
Esqr. His Majestys Liet Governor & 
Commander in Chief of the province of 
New York & the territories depending 
thereon in America &c.; 
In Council 

The Humble petition of Samuel Adams 
Humbly Sheweth: 

That your petitioner hath been Encouraged to 
Errect a house of Entertainment for the Con- 
venience and accommodation of Passengers on 
Sabbathday Point on Lake George in the County 
of Albany and hath resided there for the space 
of Two years last past and hath at much Labour 
and Considerable Expence made Improvements 
thereon, with Intention o'' applyiny to your Hon- 



LAKE GEORGE 9? 

our for his Majestys Letters Patent for the same 

when a convenient opportunity presented 

That there is about the quantity of Two Hun- 
dred acres & no more of Improvable land on said 
Point, & the Quantity of Three Hundred Acres or 
thereabouts which it not improvable being bar 
ren & mountainous but which v/ould be of servic-'^ 
ro your petitioned as an outdrift for Cattle and 
your petitioner having already occupied & possess 
ed the same & being desirious of making further 
improvements thereon. 

Your petitioner Humbly Prays that you- 
Honour would be favorably pleased by 
His Majestys Letters Patent to grant unto 
your Petitioner & His Heirs. The said 
Quantity of Five Hundred acres under th^ 
Quit rent provisos Limitations & Restric- 
tions Prescribed by His Mejestys Instruc- 
tions 

And your Petitioner will ever pray Sab 
bathday Point June 20th 1764. 

Samuel Adams. 

By order. 
Endorsed— 20th June 1764 
Petition of Samuel Adams 

for lands at Sabbathday Point 
Delivered 7th August by 
Wm. Gilliland 
No. 19 
3rd June 1766 Read in Council 
& referred to a Committee 
& reported and granted. 
In 1798, Captain Sam Patchen (hero of the cut- 
ter ride to Vicar's Island) built a log-house neai 
the site of the present building, since which the 
point has never been without its resident family 



LAKE GEORGE 99 

Sabbath Day Point House, enlarged since the 
jld days, is a wtiolesome and attractive place 
witti all a farm's welcome and surroundings. 
Accommodations are here in house and cottages, 
tor 100 guests. F. A. Carney, proprietor. There 
are cosy parlors, dainty home-lii^e guesis' rooms 
and a table exceedingly wholesome and of im- 
maculate neatness. TTie farm of 500 acres fur- 
nishes fresh vegetables, butter, cream and eggs. 
A.11 steamers land at the dock. There is a tele- 
graph and long distance telephone in the house. 
Electric lights and garage are among modern 
necessities. 

A recent addition provides a large dining room 
with windows opening east, west and south, and 
a number of very desirable sleeping rooms increas- 
ing the accommodations to 100. In the words of 
Mie proprietor. "We do not have many rules. 
Gues'is are allowed to do anything that ladies or 
gentlemen would care to do." There is a fine bath- 
ing beach here sloping gradually from the lawn 
into deep water and another on the circling 
bay at the west. The books found on the shelves 
are wholesome and suggestive of a high intellec- 
tual standard. Row boats may be had here at 
$3.00 per week. Rates for board, $2.00 to $2.50 
per day; $12.00 to $18.00 per week. Southbound 
autoists are advised to take the steamer from 
Sabbath Day Point to Bolton Landing to avoid 
difficult mountain climb. Fare, $2.50 to $3.50, ac- 
cording to rating. Driver free. 



100 LAKE GEORGE 

Grace Memorial Chapel, just north of the Point, 
was erected in 1885, in memory of the wife of 
Mr. Norman Dodge, daughter of Rev. A. D. Gil- 
lette, D. D, It is undenominational. Services are 
held during the season by visiting clergymen. 

Hotel Uncas is on the west shore a little more 
than a mile north of Sabbath Day Point. Rates 
for board $2.50 and upward per day. James E. 
Burt, Owner and Proprietor. 

The Mohican House and Annex is on higher 
ground just north of Uncas landing. The view 
from the piazza is siirperb and reveals one of the 
beauty spots of the lake. Tne Mohican is modern 
and offers more than usual in attractions and all 
that is desirable in a summer hotel. A ladies' or- 
chestra furnishes music for concerts and the 
modern dances. See page 199. 

Silver Bay is on the west, 22 miles from the 
head of the lake. It owes its existence as a resort 
to Mr. Silas H. Paine of New York, who, as a sum- 
mer resident, occupies the large cottage on high 
point just north of the landing. 

"The Silver Bay Association for Christian Con- 
ference and Training" owns buildings and land 
consisting of nearly 1500 acres with a half-mile 
of lake shore. 

The equipment includes a large main building 
(186 rooms), Forest Inn (76 rooms), Overlook, 
nine cottages, eight furnished cottages for house- 
keeping, Memorial Building with auditorium 
(seating 1,000), six class room buildings, boat 
house, bath house, athletic field, general store 
and gymnasium. 



102 LAKE GEORGE 

The Association property and privileges are 
available only for delegates to the conferences, 
for which address C. L. Gates, General Secretary, 
No. 124 East 28th St., New York City. After June 
1st, Silver Bay, N. Y. 

The line steamers do not land at . ilver Bay on 
Sundays. 

"Scotch Bonnet" is the name given to a little 
island lying just west of the steamboat channel, 
a mile north of Silver Bay. It was so named be- 
cause of a tree which once grew upon it, re- 
sembling in shape a Scotch cap or bonnet. 

Camp Iroquois is at Glen Eyrie on the east shore 
a little more than two miles north of Silver T^ay. 
Originally planned as a camp for Manly Young 
Men it has outgrown the original design and be- 
come a colony giving room for half a thousand 
with a liberal sprinkling of substantial families. 
Geo. F. Tibbitts, originator of the idea, still main- 
tains the management. Postoffice address. Glen 
Eyric-on-Lake George. 

Hague is situated on a broad, sweeping bay, at 
the west side of the lake, 28 miles from its head 
The general character of its scenery is peaceful, 
lacking the grandeur of the Narrows, but possess- 
ing a great variety of foliage, with graceful elms 
whose slender branches droop and sway like the 
weeping willow, the like of which is seen nowhere 
else at the lake. A walk up the valley road, lead- 
ing west, gives a number of the most charming 
bils of scenery imaginable. 

Hotel Phoenix is a large white three-story build- 
ing seen just a little way north of the steamboat 
landing. F. W. Baumerfiend, Manager. Lawn 
and meadowland belonging to the house reach 



103 







MAP OF LAKE GEORGE. 
Section No. 4. 



LAKE GEORGE 105 

out to the bathing beach on the water front. It 
is homelike and attractive, with a good table sup- 
plied with vegetables, milk and eggs from the 
hotel farm. It will accommoadte 50. Rates, $2 
up per day; $10 to $14 per week, according to 
room. See Page 194. 

The Hillside is where a brawling brook comes 
down a few rods north of the Phoenix. Capacity 
about 80. Location, grounds and outlook are ex- 
ceedingly picturesque, while the house and pro- 
prietor have an excellent reputation and a host 
of friends. (See page 190). John McClanathan, 
proprietor. 

The Iroquois (color olive) is third of the notable 
hotels. It has capacity for about 75. $2.50 per 
Gay. E. T. Wilcox, proprietor. 

The Trout House, three stories, painted white, 
is partially hidden among the trees. Capacity 
about 120 guests. Open all the year. Richard J. 
Bolton, proprietor. Rates, $2.50 and upward per 
day. $12 to $21 per week. A free carriage runs 
to and from the steamboat landing during July 
and August. See page 199. The outlook from 
the Trout House is charming, and often painted 
by artists. A pretty sand beach circles along in 
front of the house. The changed road and re- 
arrangement of grounds, with modern improve- 
ments and additions to the hotel make it one of 
the handsomest in all the northern parts of the 
lake while under its present management it has 
gained a reputation for spreading one of the very 
best of tables. That Mr. Bolton has the confi- 
dence of his fellow citizens is expressed in the 
fact that he was recently made sheriff of his coun- 
ty by a large majority. 

The Rising House, a short distance north, is on 
the flank of a hill crowding close against the road 
well shaded from the afternoon sun, with piazza 



LAKE GEORGE 107 

on the front which under the protecting trees af- 
fords a fine extended lookout east and south. li 
/s three stories in height, accommodating 100 
guests. It has hot and cold water baths and 
whatever is considered essential in modern fit- 
tings. Necessary supplies for hunting, fishing 
graph office i,s in house. Rates, $12.50 and up- 
wards per week; transients $2.50 and upwards per 
day. B. A. Rising, proprietor. See page 198. 

On the west side of the mountain beyond are 
the graphite works belonging to the Dixon Cruci- 
ble Company of Jersey City. 

Continuing northward the road winds along the 
shore, passing Calamity Point where, embedded in 
the white sand, lie the remains of the steamboat 
"John Jay," destroyed by fire here July 29, 1856. 
It burned to the water's edge and six lives were 
lost. 

Back in the bight of the bay, nearly hidden 
among the trees, is the picturesque cottage of 
Harry W. Watrous, the artist, and Mrs. Watrous, 
the novelist. 

Island Harbor (west, 1 mile north of Hague 
Landing), was the name given to the cozy hotel 
and cluster of cottages on the west shore of the bay 
formed by the enclosing group known as Cook's 
Islands. It is much frequented by sportsmen 
and has a record for big fish, approached by 
few resorts along the Lake. During the past win- 
ter additions and many improvements have been 
made. The water supply is from a spring 1000 feet 
above the lake. A bathing beach is in the closed 
harbor. Altogether it is wholesome, attractive 
and delightfully informal. The location shows 
lovely vistas through the islands and affords safe 
hoating in covered waters even in the roughest of 



LAKE GEORGE 



109 




weather. The drives and foot-paths through the 
shady woods nearby 
are exceedingly pic 
turesque. Island 
Harbor has accom- 
modations in house 
and four cottages 
for 100 guests, it 
has modern conven- 
iences and is lighted 
by acetylene gas. A 
glass-enclosed din- 
ing room overlook- 
ing the lake is a de- 
lightful place. 
Home-cooking of the 
best type, whole- 
some and sweet, is a notable feature. Rates are 
$12.50 per week; $2.50 up per day. See page 197. 
B. A. Clifton, proprietor. P. O., Hague. 

Waltonian Isle is tiie outermost and largest of 
the grou|) of nine islands lying outside Island Har 
bor, state land, pre emptied and occupied during 
the summer by that princely squatter and royal 
entertainer and promoter of sports — Col. W. D. 
Mann of "Town Topics." Ten miles away at the 
south, the "Elephant" stretches his huge bulk 
across; over his head Black Mountain stands 
guard, growing misty along the distant narrows 
At the north is Friend's Point, a pleasant tree- 
bordered meadow, quiet and beautiful enough 
now, but of old the scene of many bloody en 
gagements. being then, as now, a favorite camp- 
ing ground. 





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LAKE GEORGE 

Glenburnie Inn and Cottages. Glenburnie is 
located six miles from the northern end of Lake 
George on the eastern shore. Here one truly 
finds ii Paradise, — the natural woods with their 
rocky shores and sandy beaches fringed with 
trees, alternating for a distance of nearly two 
miles from the .shore line of this beautiful Glen- 
burnie estate, which has an extent of nearly five 
hundred acres. 

The famous Anthony's Nose Mountain, well 
known for its stately profile, together with Re- 
cord Mountain, are a part of this property. 

Glenburnie Inn stands upon a slight elevation 
but a short distance from the waters edge and 
fairly at the foot of the rugged and picturesque 
Anthony's Nose Mountain. The Inn is a compara- 
tively new structure building along modern lines. 
The interior, including all of the bed rooms, is of 
wood-work finish, an idea carried out in many of 
the summer homes in this region. In both living 
and dining rooms are large rustic fire-places. 
The building is equipped with modern sanitary 
plumbing, acetylene gas light, long distance tele- 
phone and telegraph connections. No part of 
the Inn is more appreciated than the broad 
piazza across its entire front. Here in the midst 
of delightful surroundings one finds every form 
of recreation and pleasure. The Glenburnie golf 
links, located on rolling ground overlooking the 
lake and in close proximity to the Inn, have be- 
come very popular. 

The rates at the Inn and Cottages vary from 
$3.00 to $4.50 per day, or from $14.00 to $25.00 per 
week, depending on size and location of rooms. 
Special rates to those .stopping for the season 
and during June and September. Consumptives 
are not entertained. For further information re- 
garding accommodations address, Henry L. Mess- 
ner, Glenburnie Inn, Glenburnie-on-Lake George, 
New York. See page 199. 



LAKE GEORGE 111 

••'Adirondack Camp" is on a commanding point 
reaching out from the east shore, south of Blair's 
Bay and directly across the lake from Friend's 
Point. Here Dr. Elias G. Brown of New York has 
established a camp for boys and fitted it up to de- 
light the youthful mind. Dr. Brown has had large 
experience in the care and training of boys and 
has e: listed college men as counsellors and as- 
sistants. Practical camping, woodcraft and nature- 
study are taught; and an important feature of the 
summer's outing is the attention paid to physical 
development. Tliore is every kind of s])ort — 
tramping with an Adirondack guide, mountain 
climbing and canoeing, tennis, baseball, basket- 
ball, tether-ball and kindred games. The boys 
sleep in tents. Their food is prepared by a pro- 
fessional colored cook, but the campers do all the 
rest of the work about their quarters, following 
the universal custom in camping out. Bathing 
and boating are under the supervision of counsel- 
lors, biit here boyish men and manly boys are 
held by a band of good fellowship that is found 
best near to the earth. Rainy days — they do some- 
times come even here — the youngsters get an in- 
sight into the woodsman's ways of doing things 
in the workshop, or delve into the boys' story 
books, with which the library is supplied. The 
party is made up of boys from good homes, and 
draws from New York city, and also many dis- 
tant points. A convincing kittle book, written by 
the leader, explains the scope of the camp and 
gives interesting particulars, for which, during 
summer, address Dr. Elias G. Brown at Glen- 
burnie, N. Y., or in winter at The Mountain 
School, Allaben, N. Y. 
Anthony's No59 extejids west along the north side 



112 



LAKE GEORGE 



of Glenbiirnie. It is heavily wooded, excepting in 
spots where a cliff is presented or where its west- 
ern point rounds over sharply into the lake. From 
a position well back on the south side of Blair's 
Bay can be seen a perfect face in profile, with 
smooth brow, Roman nose, firm lips and bearded 
chin looking out toward the west from the perpen- 
dicular wall at the second mountain step. In 




NORTH FROM WALTONIAN ISLE. 

Rogers' RockMt.; 2 Friends' Point; 3 Anthony's NoseMt. 



passing we run close to the point of the mountain, 
so near at times that a stone could be easily tossed 
against its iron-stained sides. 

Rogers' Slide is toward the west, a mountain 
nearly a thousand feet high, with smoothly rounded 
top and precipitous sides. Nearly half of its entire 
height is a smooth wall of rock descending at a 
sharp angle to the water's edge. It is rich in min- 
erals. 

Graphite or black lead exists here in considerable 



LAKE GEORGE. 

quantities, and many beautiful specimens of garnet 
have been found along its sides and summit. The 
story of its name is as follows: In the winter of 
1757-8. Robert Rogers, with a small party of his 
Rangers, was sent to make observations at Ticon- 
deroga and Crown Point. Near the outlet of the lake 
he fell in with a party of the enemy, and in the skir- 
mish which ensued became separated from the rest of 
his party. Pursued by the savages he made for the 
sum.mit of what was then called Bald Mountain, 
possibly with the object of putting in practice the 
ruse which his dare-devil nature may have suggested. 
Arriving at the brow of the precipice, he threw his 
knapsack down over the cliff, and loosening the 




ROGERS SLIDE. 



thongs that bound his feet to his snow-shoes, without 
moving the latter, turned about face and laced them on 
his feet the reverse of the way they were made to be 
worn, and on them " made tracks" down a ravine at 
the south-west to the lake, thence to the foot of the 
Slide, where he regained his luggage and proceeded 
on his way. The Indians following to the edge of the 



LAKE GEORGE. 

precipice found where apparently two wearers of 
snow-shoes had come together— for the toes of each 
pair pointed in tlie same direction. They saw also 
m the track made by the fal ing bundle down the cliff 
evidence that the two, whoever they were, had gone 
that way to ce ;iain death. And when they saw the 
man they had Deen pursuing making off on the ice, 
seemingly uraurt it took the form of a miracle, and 
they, feeling that he must be under the protection of 
the "Great Spirit," with characteristic reverence for 
their Deity desisted from further pursuit. 

The Roqers' Rock Hotel stands on a prom- 
onitory just north of the Slide. This property was 
bciight in 1903 by the Rogers' Rock Hotel Com- 
pany. Tlie grounds have a lake frontage of over 
one mile and, extend backward fully a half mile to 
include Rogers' Rock mountain. Near by are deep 
waters end running brooks. From its commanding 
position it looks out over the narrowing waters 
of the outlet and south to where Black Mountain 
stands guard over the v/ay. A road winds througb 
the wood and up the mountain, and woodland 
paths run here and there to retired nooks, or 
views of vantage, with guideboards pointing the 
vay. Tn steamboats all land on regular trips, 
i^lmall boats in variety give facilities for fishing 
or pleasure excursion. A cottage about 150 feet 
above the house, and another at lake shore, give 
guests a choice in altitudes afforded by no 
other hotel at Lake George. The house abounds 
in quaint, old-fashioned furniture and bric-a-brac. 
Electric bells connect office with guests rooms, 
which are of good size and flitted with comfort- 
able beds and plenty of linen. A never failing 



116 LAKE GEORGE 

mountain spring furnishes a bountiful supply of 
pure water.. A large greenhouse and ample 
spaces are devoted to flowers and lawns. Gardens 
aggregateing more than five acres, furnish the 
table with fresh vegetables in variety and abund- 
ance. Meals are served at small tables daintly 
appointed. Fresh vegetables, meats, fish, milk> 
cream, butter and eggs are given special attention 
The billiard room and bowling alleys removed 
from the house to the landing are in perfect or- 
der. The fleet of new rowboats, equipped with 
spoon oars, cushions, back rests, etc., should meei 
the requirements of the most exacting. Capacity 
of house, 100 guests. Postoffice in the hotel. Ad- 
dress Rogers Rock Hotel, Rogers Rock, N. Y.. 
See page 196. 

Rogers' Rock Mountain may be ascended by a 

good path leading from the hotel. From the top 

may be had a view of surprising grandeur and 

extent. On its summit, appearing as a tiny bird 

3age from below, is seen a summer house built 

by Boston's celebrated divine, the Rev. Joseph 

Cook, whose birth-place is just over the other 

side in pleasant Trout Brook Valley. Visitors 

will do well to take the advice of that celebrated 

divine who built it as inscribed on the walls. 

"Here let the honest American sit down. 

Look around. 

Thank God and take courage." 

He will see the lake and Black Mountain at the 
south, the hills and valleys of Vermont and Massa- 
chus'.t^^s on the east, at the north the valley or' 
L:.ke Champlain, and on the nortn and west the 
foothills of the Adirondacks. 



LAKE GEORGE 117 

North from Rogers' Rock Hotel is a beautiful 
bay, stretching in a broadening curve to a sharp, 
sandy point, its abrupt shores dotted by a number 
of pretty villas. Beyond the point is Baldwin. 

Baldwin is thirty-four miles from Caldwell. Here 
the steamboat trip ends. Of old the steamers ran 
nearly a mile farther, but the channel was wind- 
ing and uncertain. Here the morning boat from 
the south delivers up its passengers to the wait- 
ing train which conveys them overland to Ticon- 
deroga, where the steamer, "Vermont," is taken 
for points north on Lake Champlain. The Lake 
George boat, after taking on board the passengers 
brought from the north starts on its return trip 
through the lake. 

Mount Definance, a little elevation east of the 
outlet, commands Fort Ticonderoga, lying over 
beyond, and receh'ed its name when, in 1777, Bur- 
goyne, from its summit, trained guns on the old 
fort. 

Prisoners' Isle is out in the lake north of the 
steamboat landing. One tradition says the French 
used it as a prison pen. Another version places 
the English in possession, and a party of French 
taken by Abercrombie in the early stages of his 
advance on Ticonderoga, placed here for safe 
keeping. In the night the prisoners escaped by 
wading ashore, the water on the west being only 
about knee deep. 

Howe's Landing is the bit of circling beach 
west of Prisoners' Isle, where Abercrombie, with 
his army of 15.000 men, landed, on the 6th 
of July, 1758, and advanced toward Ticonderoga. 
Toward the north, the lake rapidly narrows to a 
mere creek and hastens to its fall, the crystal 
water discolored by the clay of the bot- 
tom. Here at the outlet, once, when May flower? 



118 LAKE GEORGE 

were blooming in the wood, came the Martyr 
Priest who gave it the beautiful name of St. Sac- 
rament. A century later another Frenchman went 
southward over its waters. The first > am'^ with 
bible and cross, preaching peace; the second with 
fire and sword and a hord of savages to the de- 
struction of fated Fort William Henry. The fol- 
lowing year came Abercrombie from the south, 
to be driven back while the flower of the Bri+ish 
army lay on the bloody field of Ticonderoga; next 
came the army of Amherst and before it, the 
French were swept northward, their hold on "the 
lake, that is the gate of the country," gone for- 
ever. 

The Upper Falls of Ticonderoga may be seen on 
the left as we approach to cross the outlet. 
Pulp mills, etc., here, give employment to a 
large number of operatives. Toward the north 
wliere the waters of the outlet circling to the east 
are joined by those of Trout Brook from the val- 
ley of the west Lord Howe, the idol of the Eng 
lish army and the life and actual leader of Aber 
crombie's unfortunate expedition in 1748, was 
killed. A stone bearing a rudely scratched in- 
scription recently discovered, marked a grave 
believed to have been that of the young nobleman. 
He, with General Putnam, was at the head of his 
rietachment following the French who retreated as 
tney advanced. Putnam remonstrated with Lord 
Howe for unnecessarily risking his life where an 
ambush was to be expected, but the young leader 
persisted. Near the spot indicated by the stone 
they fell in with a party of the French. At the 
first fire Lord Howe fell, and his detachment was 
thrown into confusion that for a while threatened 



LAKE GEORGE lib 

took refuge behind trees and fought after the 
asuual Indian fashion ,until the main body rallied 
and returning to the charge, forced the French 
to retreat. The death of Howe seemed to para- 
llze the English for a time, and they returned to 
the landing at Lake George or bivouacked on the 
field for the night. This delay gave the French 
time to serengthen their defences at the old 
lines and made it possible for them to repell suc- 
cessfully Abercombe's superior force when it ad- 
vanced the following day. 

riconderoga (village), three miles from Bald- 
win and two from Lake Champlain, is a prosper- 
ous village of 6,000 inhabitants. The water 
power is considerable. The town has made rapid 
strides in improvements and growing wealthy in 
manufacturing interests. The Burleigh House is 
the best hotel. 

The Lower Falls of Ticorderora at the lower 
edge of the village, are picturesque as well as 
utilitarian where they mal^e their last leap to the 
level of Lake Champlain. From this point the 
stream is navigable for small steamers down to 
where it empties at last at the base of the historic 
promontory. Mountcalm Landing is at the 
east foot of Mt. Defiance, five miles from Bald- 
win. Here Lake George -trains connect with th*^ 
Champlain steamer and with cars north and south. 
The old fort can be seen at the north, about a mil*^ 
distant from the landing. 

Distance from this point to Montreal is 142 
miles; to Boston, via Leicester .Junction. 204; via 
Whitehall and Rutland, 214 miles; to Saratoga. 
tJl miles; to New York, 214 miles. For matters 
relating to the old Fort Ticonderoga see pagp ^7 



North-bound travellers read down. 





__, 










Ruins Ft Ticon 


^ 


■^^^ 




Baldwin 

Ticonderoga Village 


Addison June. 


L 




1 




Chimney Point. 

Vergennes. . . . 
Ft. Cassin 


i 




Crowi Pt.Ruirs 
P rt Henry 

Westport 

Calamity Point 


Cedar Beach. . . . 


■i-o- 


Split Rock 

Essex 


Four Brother.s. 
ShelbourneHhr 


1 


...Willsborough 
RedRock Tunnel 
Willsborough Ft 


Rock Dund r. . . 
Burlington 

Colchester Lig'l 
Mallets Bay.... 
SandBarBridgc 




Keeseville 

AuSable Chasm 
.... Port Kent 

Battle of Valcour 
Valcour Island 


South Hero 

Pearl 


,w- 


''|M 


i 




Plattsburgh 129 


North Hero .... 

St. Albans Bay. 
St. Albans. .. 
Isle La .Motte St ... 

Maquam 


a 


i 


Isle La Motte 
....Ft. St. Anne 
. Rouses Point 


Dominion Line. 


1 


'X 


^t. Montgomery 



South-bound travellers read up. 



LAKE CHAHPLAIN. 

IAKE CHAMPLAIN was known to the Indians as 
_j ''Ca7tz-adere-giia?'aji/e,'" said by learned authori- 
ties, who copy it from some one else, to mean ' ' the 
lake that is the gate of the country." Samuel de 
Clia.inpla.in, a Frenchman, was the first white man 
known to have seen the lake, when, in 1609, he ac- 
companied a party of native Canadian tourists on 
a gunning expedition toward the south, where he fell 
in with a party of Iroquois and succeeded in bagging 
ft number. Samuel was of a vivacious, happy dis- 
position, as witness his felicitous description of the 
manner in which he, at the first shot, brought down 
three out of four Aborigines, who broke cover, then 
pursued and killed some others. After this adven- 
ture, which happened the same year that Hendrick 
Hudson sailed up the river that now bears his name 
and eleven years before the Pilgrims landed on 
Plymouth Rock, Champlain wrote an account of the 
affair, modestly calling the sheet of water explored 
after himself. It may be worthy of note that exactly 
two centuries after Champlain's passage in a canoe 
and one year after Fulton's steamboat went up the 
Hudson, the first steamboat was launched on Lake 
Champlain. To the French, who did not choose to 
recognize Champlain's right to the name, it was 
known as Mere les Irogiioi's, or " Iracosia." A book 
published in 1659 speaks of it as " the lake of Tro- 



122 LAKE CHAMPLAIN. 

quoiS, which, together with a river of the same name, 
running into the river of Canada, is sixty or seventy 
leagues in length. In the lake are four fair islands, 
having store of game for hunting. Stagges, Fallow 
Ueer, Elks, Roe Bucks, Beavers, and other sorts of 
beasts " In shape the lake is very like a long, slim 
radish, with long roots and outbranching river fibers. 
Wliitehall is at the little (south) end of the radish. At 
liurlington it is quite a respectable vegetable ; then 
cor.ic blotches of rock and islands, and beyond that, 
tlie leaves, spreading out on either side and toward 
the north, overlapping the Canada line. 

On the east is Vermont, sweeping away in a broad, 
cultivated plain that gradually ascends to the ridges 
of the Green Mountains. Along the southern and 
central portion of the lake the rocky, western shores 
comeabruptly to the water's edge. Westward, rising 
ridge on ridge, the highest, misty with distance, are 
the Adirondack Mountains. Here and there are little 
bits of cultivated land and breaks in the mountains 
that are gateways to the wilderness. Farther north 
the mountains fall away from the lake and a level, 
vvtll -cultivated country presents itself. 

Its lengtl> f'-om Whitehall to Fort Montgomery 
is 107^4' miles, its greatest width, which is near the 
outlet of Ausable river is 12 yg miles. Measuring 
north into Missisquoi Bay on the east side (which ex- 
tends down into Canada, and is separated from the 
outlet by Alburgh Tongue), the extreme length of 
the lake is about ir8 miles. Its elevation above tide 
is 99 feet. Its greatest depth (at a point i^ miles 
southeast of Essex landing) is 399 feet. 

The principal islands are near the north end. The 
two largest are known respectively as North and South 
Hero, and collectively as Grand Isle, the two forming 
a coiwity of Vermont. 



LAKE CHAMPLAIN. 



Tlie "D. & H." Railroad, extending along the 
vvest shore of Lake Champlain, is a link in the air line 
between New York and Montreal, and the main artery 
of travel between the two great cities. At various 
points, rail or stage routes diverge, leading into the 
wilderness. 




DISTANCES 

IN MILES 

From WHITEHALL 



RUTLAND 24 

ElIoWS fails 77 



JERSEY CITrsasci^NEWYORK 220 



BOSTON 191 



"WMtehall, at the head of Lake Champlain, is 
220 miles north of New York, and 78 from Albany. 
It was originally called Skeenesborough, after Col. 
Philip Skeene, who accompanied Abercrombie in 
1758; was wounded in his attack on Ticonderoga, 
and, after Amherst's victorious advance the following 
year, was appointed commandant at Crown Point, at 
which time he projected the settlement. In 1765 he 
obtained a grant of the township, and, in 1 770, tool: 
up his residence here. On the breaking out of the 
Revolution he took sides with the Roj^alists, accom- 
panied Burgoyne in his expedition against Ticonder 
\ga, and was captured with him at Saratoga. His 



LAKE CHAMVLAIN. 



property was confiscated by act of Legislature m 1779. 
Leaving the station at Whitehall the train runa 
north through the principal street of the town, and 
entering a tunnel emerges in sight of the narrow sec 
tion of the lake, crossing a marsh-bottomed basm, 
toward a notch cut out of its northern rim. Just 
before entering this rock-cut, we see on the east a 
shcrL double crook, in the narrow lake, known as 
"Fiddler's Elbow," 
where, under water, 
are the hulks of some 
of the vessels engaged 
in the battle of Platts- 
burgh in 1814. On the 
high point of rocks just 
over and slightly to 
the north of the Elbow 
is Fort Putnam, where 
General Israel Putnam 
lay in ambush, waiting 
for the French and In- 
dians under the com- 
mand of Marin. ' 

Montcalm Landing 
(formerly Ticonder- 
oga Station), is 23 
miles north of 
Whitehall. Ticonde 
roga-Orwell auto fer 
ry crosses here. 

Steamer Vermont here <!•>; <i-iis her load of 
passengers from the north, hound south by 
train via Whitehall or via n.ihlwin for points on 
Lake George, and receives tonists from Lake 



3 


ROUSE^POINT^ 


ijflyAquAM 

M|tH «tRO 
^^^STALBAWS ». 




PI ^TTSByR^V^ 


^m 




BUIFfPT«|g 
'9 tT JACWSOS^ 


l'^ 




PORT KENT ^ 


l^oBURUNSTON 




tssexj 


RceOAR BEACH 




V ESTPORT^j^ 
PORTMENRY^ 


^oVERSENHeS 




TrREOERICll^ 


CROWN PT RUI10 




CROWN POlKf' 


Llarrabeespow 


1 





,^cO-| 




"fl 


<-Jf 


• ^t '■ ^ 


v^jj^y 


^A 


- t C*).^' 


^^B 


<5/j 




iq- 1 


^^m 


^^^\ r\X 


u'^ I 






;:| 






:;1 




''^'''^!W>BtNbON ^5-^ 




//'Cl-'D'^ 


1 1 




'^'M^ 


¥'^"1 




'^ w^ 


3 I 










^ M'^ 


a. 1 






-^ 10- J 


oR£soen;^coi.d spring 


r ^ I 




Mir 


UJ 1 




fJ^ 


i ^ i 


CHU66'S> 


W^ 




DOCK \ 


f '' 


O I L 




1^6 




j^ * 




F' 


M 


i 


Bj 


s4-y 



'Fi,DDLtR-5 UBOv 



,v^^ 



rOTlML 



OOb 



Ot<, 



MAP OF LAKE CHAMPLAIN. 
Section No, 1. 



126 




Z'^-PAriiSH PT. LIGHT ^1- 
1 fiflRfNOLO'S BAY 

§)^ I »7 ( OCT. 2.,77t);4C 

3S 
3g 
31 
36 
55-1 



,f(f j^JCh.nntY POINT ,3 



.>\^^' POINT RU)M3 




MAP OP" LAKK CHAMPLAIN. 
Section No. 2. 



LAKE CHAMPLAIN 127 

George and the south for the return trip to Platts- 
burgh and r'e north. The "Vermont," a new 
steamer, taKii:2 the place of one of like name, 
withdrawn, is 2G3 feet long 35 foot beam (63i/4 
foot beam over all) and is provided with forty-five 
state rooms for guests and passengers. It is 
lighted throughout by electricity and has 
an electric search light. It leaves Platts- 
burg at 6:45 a. m., and, touching at inter- 
mediate lar.dir.gs, arrives at this point about 
noon. Returning, leaves on arrival of passengers 
from Lake George and the south. The dinners 
served on Lake Champlain have been noted for 
years for their wholesomeness, and for the ple- 
thora of good things with which the table is load- 
ed. On the other hand, the appetite which a ride 
over Lake George or Lake Champlain gives a 
body is also a constant source of wonderment — 
and it costs just a dollar here to do justice to the 
one and satisfy the other. A trip through Lake 
Champlain on this boat is a delightful experience. 

Fort Ticonderoga (ruins) are 24 miles north of 
Whitehall, and can be seen on the promontory 
lying about one mile north of Montcalm land- 
ing. Here were enacted the principal events in 
the play of the lake. Here savage tribes contend- 
ed for the country on either hand, and here two 
great nations struggled for the prize of a conti- 
nent which neither could retain, while precious 
blood ' flowed like water for this, the key of the 
"gate of the country," by its position elected to be- 
come historic ground. 

Claimed by the Hurons and Algonquins on the 
north, and by the Five Nations on the south. Lake 
Champlain and permanently occupied by neither 
It lay between sections that were continually at war 



LAKE CHAMPLAJN. 

with each other — the bloody middle ground, over 
which each party in its turn swept, carrying ruin in 
its path. This had made the lovely shores a solitude 
when Champlain, in July, 1609, sailed south with the 
Indians from the St. Lawrence to make war upon 
their southern enemies. His graphic account of the 
first battle on Lake Champlain, in which Eu- 
ropeans were engaged, is interesting reading : 

' ' I left the rapids of the river of the Iroquois on the 
2d of July, i6og. * * * On coming within two or 
three days' journey of the enemy's quarters, we trav- 
eled only by night and rested by day. * * * 

"At nightfall we embarked in our canoes to con- 
tinue our journey, and, as we advanced very softly and 
noiselessly, we encountered a war party of Iroquois 
on the 2gth of the month, about ten o'clock at night, 
at the point of a cape which puts out into the lake on 
the west side. They and we began to shout, each 
seizing his arms, We withdrew toward the water, 
and the Iroquois repaired on shore and arranged all 
their canoes, the one beside the other, and began to 
hew down trees, with villainous axes, which they 
sometimes got in war, and other« of stone, and forti- 
fied themselves very securely. 

" Our party, likewise, kept their canoes arranged 
the one alongside the other, tied to poles so as not to 
run adrift, in order to fight all together, should need 
be. We were on the v/ater, about an arrowshot from 
their barricades. When they were armed and in order, 
they sent two canoes from the fleet to know if their 
enemies wished to fight; who answered that they 
' desired nothing else,' but that just then there was 
not much light, and we must wait for day to^dis- 
tinguish each other, and that they would give us 
battle at sunrise. This was agreed to by our party. 
Meanwhile the whole night was spent in dancing and 
singing, as well on one side as on the other, mingled 



LAKE CHAM PLAIN. 

with an infinitude of insults and other taunts, such as 
the little courage they had, how powerless their re- 
sistance against Iheir arms, and that when day would 
break, they should experience this to their ruin. 
Ours, likewise, d d not fail in repartee; telling them 
Ihey shou d witness the effects of arms they had never 
seen before, and a multitude of other speeches as is 
usual at a seige of a town. After the one and the 
other had sung, danced and parliamented enough, 
day broke. JVly companions and I were always con- 
cealed, for fear the enemy should see us, preparing 
our arms the best we could, being, however, separated, 
each in one of the canoes. After being equipped with 
light armor, we took each an arquebus and went 
ashore. I saw the enemies leave their barricade; 
they were about 200 men, of strong and robust ap- 
pearance, who were coming slowly toward us, with a 
gravity and assurance which greatly pleased me, led 
on by three chiefs. Ours were marching in similar 
order, and told me that those who bore three lofty 
plumes were the chiefs, and that there were but these 
three, and that they were to be recognized by those 
plumes which were considerably larger than those of 
their companions, and that I must do all I could to 
kill them. I promised to do what I could, and that I 
was very sorry they could not clearly understand me, 
so asto give them the order and plan of attacking 
theirenemies, as we should indubitably defeat them 
all; but there was no help for that; tha": 1 was very 
glad to encourage them, and to manifest to them my 
good will when we should be engaged 

" The moment we landed they began to run about 
two hundred paces toward their enemies, who stood 
firm, and had not yet perceived my companions, who 
went into the bush with some savages. Ours com- 
menced calhng me in a loud voice, and making way 
for me, opened in two, and placed me at their head, 
marching about twenty paces in advance until I war 
within thirty paces of the enemy. 



LAKE CHAMPLAlN. 

"Tie moment they saw me they halted, gazing a\, 
me and I at them. When I saw them preparing to 
shoot at us I raised my arquebus, and aiming directly 
at one of the three chiefs, two of them fell to the 
ground by this shot, and one of their companions 
received a wound, of which he died afterward. I had 
put four balls in my arquebus. Ours, in witnessing a 
shot so favorable to them, set up such tremendous 
shouts that thunder could not have been heard; and 
yet there was no lack of arrows on one side and the 
other. The Iroquois were greatly astonished, seeing 
two men killed so instantaneously, notwithstanding 
they were provided with arrow-proof armor woven of 
cotton thread and wood. This frightened them very 
much. Whilst I was reloading, one of my companions 
in the bush iired a shot which so astonished them 
anew, seeing their chiefs slain, that they lost courage, 
took to flight and abandoned the field and their fort, 
hiding themselves in the depths of the forest, whither 
pursuing them I killed some others. Our savages 
also killed several of them, and took ten or twelve 
prisoners. The rest carried off the wounded. Fifteen 
or sixteen of ours were wounded by arrows; they 
were promptly cured. 

"After having gained the victory they amused 
themselves ; plundering Indian corn and meal from 
the enemy also their arms, which they had thrown 
down in order to run the better ; and after having 
feasted, sung and danced, we returned, three hours 
after, with the prisoners. 

" The place where the battle was fought is 43 de- 
grees some minutes latitude, and I named it Lake 
Champlain." The cape referred to by Champlain, 
"which puts out into the lake on the west side," is be- 
lieved to be Crown Point, and the shores of the 
peninsula just west of Oown Point ruins, the place 
where Champlain then encountered the Iroquois to 



LAKE CHAMPLAIN. 

their confusion. The French claimed the country by 
virtue of Champlain's discovery, and in 1731 advanced 
to Crown Point and erected Fort St. Frederick. The 
English held this territory to be their' s by right of 
purchase and treaty with the Five Nations. Gen. 
Johnson was sent, m 1755, to drive the French from 
Crown Point, but while he halted at Lake George, 
Baron Dieskau made his famous dash around French 
Mountain, defeated Colonel Williams, and attacked 
the main army at the head of Lake George, to be de- 
feated in turn. He then retreated to Ticonderoga, 
and began the erection of a fort, which he called 
*' Carilloh!' In 1757, somewhat enlarged, it was 
occupied by Montcalm, who marched thence to the 
attack on Fort William Henry and returned victorious 
but with his crown of laurel dripping with the blood 
of slaughtered women and children. 

Tlie old Frencli lines, about a mile back from 
the point, was the scene of the bloodiest battle of the 
place. July 8, 1758, the day following Lord Howe's 
death at the outlet of Lake George, Abercrombie 
ordered an advance. Here the French were securely 
entrenched behind the breastworks which can still be 
distinctly traced through the woods, extending across 
over the ridge of the promontory and down on either 
side. In front of this line, for a hundred yards, 
oak trees had been felled, and lay with the branches 
sharpened, and pointing outward. Up to this the 
English marched, and endeavored to force their way, 
while a stead)^ fire from the enemy cut lanes and 
alleys through their columns, and swept them away 
like leaves before the whirlwind. 
■» Three times did the Scotch Highlanders cut their 
way to the very summit of the ramparts, and while 
some, topplmg over, pierced with many wounds, fell 
fighting to the last, the rest, borne back by the furious 
storm of iron which iiew from that line of fire, re- 
treated sullenly to re-form for another advance. 



.'6-J. LAKE CHAMPLAIN. 

For four hours, under the hot July sun, this unequal 
contest lasted, the English columns advancing like 
waves of the ocean, to dash in impotent fury upon 
that terrific shore of death, and, breaking, recede in 
rivulets of blood. The recall sounded at last, and 
they retreated in disorder — frightened when no man 
pursued — to their boats at Lake George, where they 
re-embarked, and returned to Fort William Henry 
without bringing a cannon to bear on the enemv. 

Abercrombie reported 588 killed and missing, and 
1.356 wounded. Of this number the Forty-second 
Highlanders alone lost, killed and wounded, over 600, 
including all but two of its officers. The French force 
engaged was 3,458; loss, 271 wounded; 197 killed 
and missing. 

>When Abercrombie ordered the advance, he took 
up his position at the saw-mills, a mile in the rear (a 
post of great danger in case the roof had fallen in), 
where he valiantly remained until a retreat was de. 
aided upon, when, with unparalleled bravery, he gal- 
lantly led the advance, and by the most profound 
strategy succeeded in escaping with the remnant ol 
his army — consisting, then, of only about thirteen 
thousand men — from Montcalm's overwhelming force 
of thirty-five hundred ! 

General Amberst came in 1759, entrenched be- 
fore the old French lines, and prepared to lay seige 
to the fort. The French, finding that they could not 
hope to successfully resist, abandoned the works on 
the night of the twenty-sixth of July, setting fire to 
them as they went. The flames soon communicated 
with the shells and loaded guns, which kept up a 
continuous discharge for some time ; then the English 
advanced and took possession, finding no enemy to 
resist, save the fire, which was soon extinguished. The 
French retreated down the lake leaving Fort St. Fred- 
*,rickjalso in possession of the English, who enlarged 



LAKE CHAMPLAIN. 138 

and strengther ed it on a scale of great magnificence. 
But never a shot or shell sped from the costly 
embrasures against an advancing enemy. Time 
passed, and, touching the massive walls, they, piece 
by piece, fell away, and when the cloud which had so 
long threatened, burst, and the colonies were at war 
with the mother country, they scarcely afforded pro- 
tection for the company of lazy red coats comprising 
the garrison at the time. 

Etlian Allen, tells in his narrative, written in 
1779, of the capture of Fort Ticonderoga: 

"Directions were privately sent to me from the 
then colony (now State) of Connecticut, to raise the 
Green Mountain Boys, and, if possible, to surprise 
and take the fortress of Ticonderoga. This enterprise 
I cheerfully undertook; and, after first guarding all 
the several passes that led thither, to cut off all in- 
telligence between the garrison and the country, 
made a forced march from Bennington, and arrived 
at the lake opposite to Ticonderoga on the evening of 
the ninth day of May, 1775, with two hundred and 
thirty valiant Green Mountain Boys ; and it was with 
the utmost difficulty that I procured boats to cross the 
lake. However, I landed eighty-three men near the 
garrison, and sent the boats back for the rear guard, 
commanded by Col. Seth Warner ; but the day began 
to dawn, and I found myself under a necessity to 
attack the fort, before the rear guard could cross the 
lake ; and, as it was viewed hazardous, I harangued 
the ofl^cers and soldiers in the following manner: ^ 
=- " * Friends and fellow soldiers, you have, for a num- 
ber of years past, been a scourge and terror to arbi- 
trary power. Your valor has been famed abroad, and 
acknowledged, as appears by the advice and orders 
to me from the General Assembly of Connecticut, to 
surprise and take the garrison now before us.'* I now 
propose to advance before you, and in person conduct 



1 84 I.AKE CHAMPLAIN. 

you through the wicket-gate ; for we must this morn- 
mg either quit our pretensions to valor, or possess 
ourselves of this fortress in a few minutes ; and, inas- 
much as it is a desperate attempt, which none but the 
bravest of men dare undertake, I do not urge it on 
any contrary to his will. You that will undertake 
voluntarily, poise your firelocks.' 

"The men being, at this time, drawn up in three 
ranks, each poised his firelock. I ordered them to 
face to the right, and at the head of the center file, 
marched them immediately to the wicket-gate afore- 
said, where I found a sentry posted, who instantly 
snapped his fusee at me ; I ran instantly toward him, 
and he retreated through the covered way into the 
parade within the garrison, gave a halloo, and run 
under a bomb-proof. My party, who followed me 
into the fort, I formed on the parade in such a manner 
as to face the two barracks which faced each other. 

"The garrison being asleep, except the sentries, we 
gave three huzzas, which greatly surprised them. One 
of the sentries made a i)ass at one of my officers with 
a charged bayonet, and slightly wounded him. My 
first thought was to kill him with my sword; but in 
an instant I altered the design and fury of the blow 
to a slight cut on the side of the head ; upon which he 
dropped his gun, and asked for quarter, which I 
readily granted him, and demanded of him the place 
where the commanding officer kept ; he shewed me a 
pair of stairs in the front of a barrack, on the west 
part of the garrison, which led up a second story in 
said barrack, to which I immediately repaired, and 
ordered the commander, Capt. De La Place, to come 
forth instantly, or I would sacrifice the whole garri- 
son ; at which the captain came immediately to the 
door wiih his breeches in his hand; when I ordered 
him to deliver me the fort instantly; he asked me by 
wha.t^athority-I demanded it; I answered him. 'In 



LAKE CM AM PLAIN, ^^^ 

the na7ne of the Great Jehovah, and the Co7ttmenial 
Co7igress.' The authority of the Congress being very 
little known at that time, he began to speak again; 
but I interrupted him, and with my drawn sword over 
his head, again demanded an immediate surrender of 
the garrison ; with which he then complied, and 
ordered his men to be forthwith paraded without 
arms, as he had given up the garrison. In the mean- 
time some of my officers had given orders, and in 
consequence thereof, sundr}^ of the barrack doors 
were beat down, and about one-third of the garrison 
imprisoned, which consisted of the said commander, a 
Lieut. Feltham, a conductor of artillery, a gunner, 
two sergeants, and forty-four rank and file ; about one 
hundred pieces of cannon, one thirteen-inch mortar, 
and a number of swivels. This surprise was carried 
into execution in the grey of the morning of the tenth 
of May, 1775." 

In 1777 the brilliant General Burgoyne, with 7,500 
men, came from the north and laid seige to Ticon- 
deroga. St. Clair, who was then in command, had 
barely sufficient troops to man the principal works, 
and when the English took possession of Mt. Defi- 
ance, from which they could drop shot right over into 
their mi^st, he abandoned the lort, stealing away on 
the night of July 4th. After the capture of Burgoyne 
at Saratoga, the British retired into Canada, but in 
1780 the old fort was agam occupied by the troops 
under General Haldiman. Then cat^e another enemy, 
silent, but resistless as tne march of time — frosts to 
rack and tempests to beat upo.i the old walls, until 
they totter and fall away, disappearing one by one, 
hastening the time when naught shall remain but the 
sounding name they bear. 

NTlie Ruins of To-day.— The old battery on the 
bluff, above the fort steamboat landing, is said to have 
been the original Carillon. Back on the higher 







'll'i;il, i\ H-f'i 



1,AKE CTHAMPLAIN. 



ground are the barrack walls, trenches and bastions. 
On the west, beyond the outlet^ of Lake George is 
Mount Defiance. " 

Opposite the fort 
at the south- 
east, the lake 
is narrow- 
ed down 



by the 
near ap- 
proach 
of Mt. 
Inde- 
pend- 
ence , 
which 
was also 
fortified 
while St. 
Clair held 
command 
Between 
the two points 
ran the chain, 
or floating bridge. 
The lake here turns 
toward the north, the water washing three sides of 
the promontory. Across the locust-covered flat, just 
north of the ruins, from a point near the drawbridge, 
lay Ethan Allen's route in 1775. 

Tlie name is the composite of a dozen or more 
Indian terms with something of the same sound, as 
Ticonderoga, Tieiideroga, Cheonderoga^ etc., the 
words used by the natives meaning the coming to- 
gether or meethig of waters (Golden, 1765 • Pownell, 
1774). Garillon. "the French name, means "music 
racket, a chime." 




V 



if 






I' 



|f 



■ vs 
















THE ADIRONDACKS 139 

The Old Fort and Garrison grounds consisting 
of about 700 acres were ceded by 'tie state toward 
the close of the century to Columbia and Union 
Colleges, and in 1818 purchased by William Pell, 
(he great-grandfather of the present owner, Ste- 
phen H. P. Pell. Efforts have been repeatedly 
made to interest both the state and national gov- 
ernments in the care of the old fort, the owners 
expressing a willingness to sell at a nominal 
price if the preservation could be guaranteed, 
but in vain. They have now undertaken the res- 
voration of the old building as nearly on original 
lines as can be determined, 

Larrabee's Point is on the Vermont shore, a 
mile north of the ruins. For hotel see page 198. 

Crcwn Point Landing is 11 miles noi'th of Fort 
TicoDderoga. 

Crown Point Ruins are six miles north of Cro\\Ti 
Point landing. The lake is here narrowed down by 



APPPOACHING CROWN POINT RUINS FROM THE SOUTH. 

I Crown Point Light House ; 2 Port Henry ; 3 Chimney Point, 
the land extending from the west on which the ruins 
stand, its easternmo; point marked by a stone light- 
house. Chimney Point approaches from the east side. 
Beyond the light-house, at the narrowest place in the 
passage, are the scarcely visible remains of Fort St 
Frederick, Ivjilt by the French in 1731. Crown Point 



14t^ 



;^^M 




MAP OF LAKE CHAMPLAIN. 
Section No. 3. 



THE ADIRONDACKS 



31 







-•■■■' '^sA^ 



Fort standing over toward the west was commenced 
by Amherst iii 1759, and completed at an expense of 
0\er ten mijli.)n dollars. The extensive earth-works, 
and the w alls of the barracks, still in a good state 0/ 
preservation, 



indijate the 
strength and 
extent of the 
fortification— 
from which, 
however, n o 
gun was ever 
fired at an 
a p preaching 
foe. Dr. Bix- 
by designates 
the shores of 
thj peninsula 
west of the 
ruins li the 
pr.)ba )le site 
o f C h a m - 
plain's battle 
with the Iro- 
?>,uQi-. in 160Q. 




In absence of positive proof there is much his- 
torical evidence to indicate that the battle did 
really occur here. No historic point on the lake 
is thrust forward "from the west shore" into more 
unavoidable prominence. 

The land on which the ruins stand, 25 acres in 
extent, was presented to the State in 1910 by 
Witherbee, Sherman & Co., of Port Henry, to be 
held forever as public property. 

The Champlain Memorial is erected here 
at the extremity of the point. It takes the form 
of a monumental light house, built jointly by the 
States of Vermont and New York. A heroic statue 
of Champlain in bronze faces the east and in the 




THJE CHAMPJ^AIN MEMORIAL 




THE RED ROCKS OF WILLSBOROUGII 



THE ADIRONDACKS 33 

base is Rodin's symbolic "La France," which was 
presented by France to the United States and 
installed with becoming ceremonies by a dis- 
tinguished company of citizens of our sister Re- 
public, who came o\or the ocean for that purpose. 
The Monument is a fitting memorial to the dis- 
cover, who gave his name to the noble lake. 

Port Henry, two miles northwest of Crown 
Point Ruins, is exceedingly picturesque, with a 
number of elegant private residences, occupied 
by the iron magnates of that section. 

The Lee House is an excellent hotel. J. E. Mc- 
Nulty, proprietor. Rates $2-$3 per day. Open all 
the year Free bus to trains. 

The G. R. Sherman, steam ferry boat, runs six 
round trips daily (4 trips Sundays) through the 
summer months betYveen Port Henry and Chim- 
ney Point on the Vermont shore, landing at Fort 
Frederick on signal. Boat leaves Port Henry at 
7.30 a. m. and Chimney Point at 8, and at two- 
hour intervals thereafter. Fare for automobiles 
or double teams, with driver, between points, 65 
cents; single horse 40 cents; for the single pas- 
senger, 15 cents. 

Moriah is two miles west of Port Henry. 
Sehroon River is 17 miles (Jackson's Hotel, Car- 
son) ; thence west to Newcomb (36 miles) and to 
Long Lake, a total of 50 miles. Stage daily, Sun- 
days excepted. 

******* 

The Lake Champlain and Moriah R. R. is 3eve?i 
miles long, extending from Port Henry to the ore 
beds at Mineville 1,300 feet above. The grade at 
one point is 256 1-2 feet to the mile. The aver- 
age is 211 feet. It contains three "Y's," where 
the nature of the ascent renders a curve imprac- 
ticable. 



146 



LAKE CHAMPLAIN 



Westport is a pretty little village, on a deep bay, 
setting into the western shore of Northwest 
Day, 25 miles north of Fort Ticonderoga and 40 
miles south of Plattsbuurg. It is a favorite gate- 
way into Elizabethtown and Keene Valley and 
possesses In its broader environment attractions 
that recommend it to the summer visitor above 
inost interior resorts. 

The Westport Inn stands on the brow of an ab 
rupt eminence a hundred feet above the lake and 
overlooks a tennis lawn shaded by fine elms, the 
Dicturesque steamboat landing, the great sweep- 
ing ampitheatre of hillside leading away to right 
and left, the circling shore of the bay and the 
beautiful chain of Green Mountains across in 
\^ermont. TTie house has broad piazzas and is 
neat and well furnished from basement to belve- 
dere. It has cozy parlors and dining-room, with 
large open fire-places. The table is superior and 
the service most efficient. There are bath rooms 
and perfect drainage. Water comes from a won- 
derful mountain spring 500 feet above the lake. A 

number o f 
detached cot- 
tages add to 
the attrac- 
tions, fur- 
nishing alto- 
gether ac- 
commoda- 
tions for 150 
guests. Golf 
links on rolling ground afford an excellent course 
with interesting hazards. Good boating and flsb 
ing facilities and bathing places with fine bot 





Port Henry, approaching- Crown Point 
Ruins 



LAKE CHAMPLAIN 149 

torn, and convenient bath houses, are here 
The golf club house has billiard and pool 
tables and a shower bath. There are two 
small steamers and a launch for rent. The Cham- 
plain steamers touch four times each day at the 
a wharf at the foot of the grove. Excursions by 
these steamers, running at convenient hours, are 
popular. Long distance telephone and W. U. tele- 
graph in the house. H. P. Smith, who has been 
• connected with the Inn since its opening, is man 
ager. Mr. Smith is also manager of "The Foot 
hills," Nordhoff, Southern California. 

Westport Inn Garage and livery is at foot of 
, hill on the way to the station. M. E. Lott. pro- 
prietor. 

Glenwood Inn, at the north edge of the village, 
spreads an exceptionally good and wholesome 
table. Rater> $2 per day. Special on application. 
■* John L. Sherman, proprietor. It has most of the 
commercial travel and is open all the year. Free 
carriage to station. 

The Westport, a small house at the station, 
should not be confounded with "The Westport 
Inn," mentioned above. 

Elizabethtown is 7 miles west of the station. By 
auto stage connecting with principal trains, $1. 

A small propeller runs from Westport to Ver- 
gennes daily, on arrival of steamer Vermont from 
the south, returning in the morning to connect 
with the south-bound boat. 
' Split Rock Mountain extends along the west 
shore, terminating in a sharp point 8 miles north 
of Westport. Barn Rock (a corruption probably of 
y Barren Rock) shows the upturned edges of strata 
lying at a sharp angle with the surface in a bold 



150 LAKE CHAMPLAIN 

little way north, are grand perpendicular cliffs. 
Rock Harbor, a mile further north, shows an 
"effort," whei'e Gotham's one time Boss, Tweed 
tried his hand at digging ore. Grog Harbor— a 
charming litle cove despite its name — is near the 
northern end of Split Rock Mountain. 

Split Rock is at the northern end of the 



.-P' IT ROCIC FKOM THE KORTH. 

I Grand View Mt., Vt. ; 2 Split Roclc Light; \ Split Rock. 

mountain bearing the same name. In the uncer- 
tain records of old Indian treaties, it is claimed 
that this rock marked the boundry line between 
the tribes of the St. Lawrence and those of the 
Mohawk Valley. 

Otter Creek enters the lake from the east some- 
thing over five miles north of Westport. This is 
the longest river in Vermont and is navigable to 
Vergennes whose spires may be seen some dis- 
tance inland. Fort Cassin stood at the mouth of 
Otter Creek. Bits of the ruins are still visible. 
Within the creek a portion of the American 
squadron was fitted out in 1814, which, under 
Commodore McDonough defeated the British Com- 
modore Downie, at Plattsburgh, in September of 
that year. 

Vergennes is eight miles back from the lake a? 
Otter Creek runs, although in an air line but li< 



LAKE CHAMPLAIN 151 

tie more than half that distance. It is one of the 
oldest cities in New England, chartered in 1788. 
It is also the smallest incorporated city in the 
country. The city limits include an area of 1 l-4x 
1 1-2 miles. 

Essex, a small vilage on the west shore, is 10 
miles north of Westport. The Boquet river emp- 
ties into the lake four miles north of Essex land- 
ing. It is navigable for about a mile. It was a 
rendezvous of Burgoyne's flotilla, in the advance on 
Ticonderoga, in 1777, and in 1812 was entered by 
British gunboats to work the destruction of the 
littJe village of Willsborough, a mile inland. 

Willsborough Point, a low peninsula about four 
miles long by one wide, separates Willsborough 
Bay from the main lake. 

The Four Brothers are near the middle of the 
lake east of Willsborough Point. Here occurred 
the running engagement between Benedict Ar- 
nold and Captain Pringle, in 1776, in which the 
English were victorious. Junip<^r Island is north- 
east of the Brothers surmounted by a lighthouse. 

After leaving Essex Landing the boat passes 
the Vermont side in the approach to Burlington. 
Back inland are the two highest peaks of the 
Green Mountains — IMansfield, 4,360 feet above the 
tide, and Camel's Hump, the Leon Couchant of 
the French. 

Shelburne Harbor is east of Bottler's Poini. 
Here are the shipyards of the Charaplain 
Transportation Company. It i<=: worthy of note 
that but one year after Robert Fulton's steamboat 
was launchel on the Hudson River a steamboat 
was launched at Burlington. It could run five 
miles an hour without heating the shaft! 



152 




PORT- DOUGLAS 



MAP OF LAKE CHAMPLAIN 
Section No. 4. 



LAKE CHAMPLAIN 152 

"?ock Dunder is a prominent ot)ject, as we near 

Turlington. It is a sharp cone, 20 feet highp 

vDove water, believed by Winslow C. Watson, thfe 

■listorian, to be the famous "Rock Regio" so frc- 

uently mentioned in colonial records, 

Turlington is a city of nearly 25,000 inhabitants, 
'0 miles north of Whitehall^. Burlington has 
mit€ an extensive lumber market and also a var- 
ied line of manufacturing interests, including cot- 
on and woolen textiles, refrigerators, chairs, 
'-.creens, blinds, doors, sash and machinery. Two 
'ailroads center here, the Portland and the Ceu- 
'ral Vermont. Direct train service is had with 
noted eastern mountain and coast resorts. The 
distance from Burlington to Montreal to 95 miles; 
to Fabyans, 120; to Portland, 211; to Lake Win- 
nipesaukee, 140, to Concord, 174; to Boston, 230. 

The Champlain Transportation Company oper- 
ating the lake steamers has its general office here. 

The steamer "Ticonderoga" was built in 
l906, is in service from April to December each 
vear, and during the season of summer tourist 
travel, June to September, operates a round trip 
betwen Westport and St. Albans Bay each day, 
touching at Burlington, Port Kent, Plattsburg and 
che Islands. 

The "Ticonderoga" is 220 feet long, 57 feet 9 
inch beam over all, hull of steel, with three water 
tight bulkheads, steered and heated by steam, and 
lighted by electricity; is a modern, up-to-date ves- 
sel in every respect, and is in construction verv 
similar to the "Sagamore" on Lake George. 

The steamer "Cliateaugay" is in service Jnnf^ 
i5 to Seotember 15 each year, and is employed in 



LAKE CHAMPLATN 155 

handling excursion traffic during the summei 
months, and on Mondays and Saturdays performs 
regular service between Burlington and St. Al 
bans Bay. 

The Lake Champlain Yacht Club has a conven- 
ient club house a little way north of the steam- 
boat landing. 

Clochester Point reaches half way out across 
the broad lake north of Burlington, and still fur- 
ther ^'est are Clochester reefs and light-house — a 
blood-red light marking the outermost rock at 
night. 

Port Kent is on the west shore of the lake 10 
miles from Burlington. 

Trembleu Hall on the high land a half mile 
r.orth of the station, is most attractive. Capacity 
125. Farrell & Agate, proprietors. Rates $3.00 
to $4 per day, $15.75 to $21 per week. Free car- 
riages to trains and boats. 

Mrs. Adgate's welcome at the Hall though 
quiet, is most cordial. At once you feel at 
home with the freedom of the unwatched. 
to meet you. Mrs. Adgate's welcome at the Hall 
though quiet, is equally cordial. At once you feel 
at home with the freedom of the .unwatched. 
There is no suggestion here of hand out-stretched 
with upturned palm. There is no thought of lock- 
ed doors or barred preserves. The place is yours 
to occupy in comfort. The houuse stands on higb 
land overlooking the lake, surrounded by locust 
and maple trees with stately Lombardy populars, 
lawn is like velvet, the walks gleaming white as 



156 LAKE CHAMPLAIN 

hey run to various points. The table is whole 
■•ome abundant, cleanly and with pleasing ser 
ice. A broad piazza and rustic summer house 
ire available for lounging. Open fire places are ir 
he public rooms, electric lights throughout ir 
Public and private places. It has modern plumb 
'ng and sanitary appliances. A feature of peren 
^ial interest to young and old who enjoy the piano 
'he dancing, the amateur theatricals and th€ 
^ames which are liable to last far into the night 
■s the casino removed some distance fron? tiif 
■Qain building. For meditation is the open grov( 
^f thrifty pines on high ground backward from th< 
'^ouse, where the ground is carpeted with thf 
■^rown needles. For excursions a gentle climl' 
nay be had to the top of Trembleau Mountain at 
•"he south, or a walk to the mouth of the Au Sable 
River at the north, or a trip to Au Sable Chasm 
'■:hree miles away, by the electric car which runs 
at convenient intervals — this last being one oJ 
the essentials of the day and place. 

The Ausable Inn is delightfully situated on a 
slight rise overlooking the lake andonly two min- 
utes' walk from the shore, just north of the sta- 
tion at Port Kent. 

To those who like the comforts of home — and 
who does not — the Au Sable Inn will appeal. 

The proprietors, M. E. and D. A. Weatherwax, 
have long studied the needs ofthe tourists, and as 
they call their place, "a resting place for the 
traveller," they have made it truthfully fit its 
title. See page 

The K. AuS. C. & L. C. R. R. runs from Port 
Kent, passing over AuSable Chasm (3 miles) neai 
its head, affording a good view of Rainbow Falls 
and contir^uing 2 miles further reaches Keese 



LAKE CHAMPLAIN 157 

ville, the end of the road. At Au Sable Chasm 
Station 'busses are taken (25 cents round trip) foi 
Hotel AuSable Chasm ($4 up per day). Acconj 
modations are here in house and cottages for 200 

large share of the patronage of the house is in 
excursion parties. House and chasm are owned 
by stock company. F. W. Adams, Manager. 

\u Sable Chasm affords a fine illustration of 
'ock fracture and erosion. Admission is gained 
through the lodge, a picturesque octagonal build 
ing near its head. Entrance fee, 75 cents. The 
boat ride is 50 cents additional, including car- 
riage back to hotel or station. Large parties are 
admitted at reduced rates. Guides are unneces 
sary, as guide-boards and signs call attention to 
notable places. The chasm is something over a 
mile in length from Rainbow Falls to the Basin 
and upwards of a hundred feet in depth, the en 
closing walls at points rising vertically from the 
water. 

Returning to the steamer, we see, three miles 
north of the landing at Port Kent, the sandy 
mouth of the Au Sable river. "Au Sable means 
"of sand." Across from this point is the widest 
uninterrupted portion of the lake, the distance 
being nearly eleven miles. 

Benedict Arnold was born in Norwich, Conn., 
January 3d, 1741, and died in London, June 14, 
1801. As a youth, turbulent; as a soldier, am- 
bitious and bold to rashness. Jealous of his fel- 
low officers, the tn niition from discontented 
rebel to infamous traitor was easy. A brilliant 
commander — his fall was like that of T.«ucifer. 



LAKE CHAMPLAIN 159 

Hotel Champlain is situated on a lofty bluff on 
che west shore of Lake Champlain overlooking a 
mighty expanse of water on the east and north. 
Souih and west extends a far reaching plain of 
checkered field and forest that vanishes into blue 
where the Adirondacks in a great panorama of 
serrated mountain peaks rise beyond. With 
no near mountain heights to dwarf its own strong 
setting Bluff Point commands scenes wonderfully 
varied, yet restful to a degree that few places can 
approach. 

Valcour Island lies below like a garden border- 
ed with its varying belt of shrubbery. Beyond 
dotted here and there with islands, stretches the 
broad lake to the shores of Vermont, the Green 
Mountains beyond rising into the heights of Cam- 
el's Hump and Mount Mansfield. North and east 
are Grand Isle and the Great Back Bay; at the 
north, Cumberland Head, the sweeping circle of 
Plattsburg Bay, where occurred that splendid 
naval battle of 1814 — the last, as the battle 
of Valcour, 1775, was the first, with the mother 
country — and nearer, the little island where 
sleep the dead of that eventful day. 

Surrounding the hotel is a wooded park of 
eight hundred acres traversed by winding drives 
and shaded walks, with rustic seats and pavilions 
at notable view-points. A number of commodious 
cottages subject to special assignment of guests 
are scattered about on the grounds. A wide 
sand ybeach — the Beach of the "Singing Sands" — 
extends along the lake shore with bathing houses, 
boat house, etc. Tennis court (with dirt floor) 
is on the lawn in front of the house on the west. 



160 LAKE CHAMPLAIN 

Along the lake shore toward the sout'n, and ex- 
tending over rolling country westward is an 
eighteen-hole golf course with commodious club 
house. This course has been recently greatly 
improved and extended, and is a prime favorite 
among discriminating players. 

Hotel Champlain is furnished in Louis XVI 
style and in its equipment combines every mod- 
ern convenience, and is absolutely fire-proof. 

This house, like the Fort William Henry Hotel 
at Lake George, is in the Delaware & Hudson 
Company chain, and is under the management of 
Albert Thieriot, General Manager of hotels and 
dining service department for the company. Ad- 
dress Hotel Champlain for reservations and par- 
ticulars during the season. In winter, Fort Will- 
iam Henry Hotel, Lake George. 

Cliff Haven, site of the Champlain Summer 
School, is just north of Bluff Point — in summer a 
busy village and a center of intellectual advance. 

Isle San Michel (of old called Crab Island) is 
the burial place of the sailors and marines who 
fell in the battle of Plattsburgh. North of this, 
and projecting well out across the lake, is Cum- 
berland Head, from which the shore recedes to- 
ward the north and west, then comes back in a 
wide sweep, embracing Cumberland Bay. 

The Battle of Plattsburgh took place here in 
1814. Stripped of detail, the account of this de- 
cisive battle is as follows: On Sabbath morning, 
September 11th, 1814, the American land forces 
under General McComb, and the American fleet 
under Commodore Macdonough, were simultane- 
ously attacked by the British land and water 
forces, under General Sir George Provost and 
Commodore Downie. The engagement resulted 



LAKE CHAMPLAIN 



161 



in a complete victory for the Americans, only a 
few small boats of the enemy effecting a success- 
ful retreat. The British also lost immense stores, 
abandoned in their retreat — which served them 
right for breaking the Sabbath. 

The Barracks, occupied by several companies of 
soldiers forming a regular U. S. Army post, are 
near the lake shore, about a mile south of Platts- 
l)iugh 

Plattsburg, on the west shore of Cumberland Bay, 
is a thriving city of 8,000 inhabitants. It is of con- 
siderable commercial importance, being on the 
direct line between New York and Montreal, 311 
miles from the former and 74 miles from the latter. 

"Plattsbu r g 




ks thorough- 
i3 ci^smopol- 
itan, with 
a D opinion 
to rffcr (. 
every ques- 
tion ol the 
day, exert- 
ing no mean 
influence 
through its 
wide-awa k e 
daily news- 
papers and 
its notable 
weekly, the 
Platts burg 
Republican " 
— instituted 
in i»ii— and notwithstanding its age. one of the 
most reliable and ably conducted Democratic 



1811- 



162 LAKE CHAMPLAIN 

weeklies in the State. The town has numerous 
churches, high and graded schools, State Normal 
School 

The First Settler in this region was Count 
Charles de Fredenburgh, a captain in the English 
army. The wararnt conveying the land to him bore 
date June 11, 1769. The property reverting to the 
state after the Revolution, was granted in 1784, to 
Zephaniah Piatt and others, and incorporated into 
the town of Plattsburgh, April 4, 1785. A company 
was then organized which, in June of the same 
year, erected a mill a Fredenburgh Falls. The es- 
timate of expense contained, among other items, 
the following: "For bread, $65; for rum, $80." 
They used a great deal of bread in those days. In 
the year 1800 Plattsburg possessed a population of 
less than 300, Within the county limits were own- 
ed at this time 58 slaves 



163 




MAP OF LAKE CHAMPLAIN. 
Section No. 5. 



164 LAKE CHAMPLAIN 

The New Cumberland is on the main street and 
leads as the commercial hotel. It has electric 
elevator, steam heat and electric lights. Rates, 
$2.50. 

The Witherell Hotel is a fine house, with an ex- 
cellent reputation. W . H. Howell, proprietor. 
Rates, $2.50 up. it has a grill room and caters 
acceptably to automotile tourists. 

It is quite the corret t thing for parties bound 
south over Lake Chamy'ain, arriving in Platts- 
burg at night, to go aboa'-d the steamer "Ver- 
mont," where excellent accommodations are pro- 
vided, and rise and breakfast at their leisure after 
the boat leaves her dock in the morning. 

Cumberland Head, near which occurred the 
naval battle of 1814, is three miles from Platts- 
burgh. Continuing northward the west shore is 
low but picturesque in its irregular line of deep 
bays and projecting points, but of little interest 
historically except for the old fort that once stood 
on Point au Fer, built, according to the best au- 
thorities, in 1774, and the still older one. Fort St. 
Anne, on Isle La Motte, built in 1660. 

Chazy Landing is of special note as the landing 
place where Sweet's Auto Ferry ties up on the 
York side and crosses over to Isle La Mott on 
call, opening up a most delightful route extending 
the length of the main Islands to near Burlington. 
(Ferriage, $1.00). The roadbed is largely slate 
and unusually good in all seasons. 

Rouse's Point, according to the United States 
Coast Survey, is about 107 miles north of Whitehall 
It is a place of considerable commercial interest, and 
the most important port of entry on the frontier. 



LAKE CHAMPLAIN 165 

Hotel Columbia is at the southern border of the 
village of Rouses Point, which here stretches a 
mile along shore north and south. It is open only 
during the summer and caters specially to auto- 
mobilists 

The Champlain House is at Champlain, N. Y., 
on the road to Montreal from the south. It is 
under new management, Mr. J. M. Disco being 
the proprietor. It is a house for travelling men 
and makes a special appeal to automobile parties. 
Of both it receives its full .share, and rightly 
so. 

Rates are $2.00 per day and upward; $12.00 
to $14.00 a week. 

Fort Montgomery, a little way rorth of the long 
bridge, is an interesting ruin belonging to the 
Urited States. About a mile north of this a belt 
of woodland marks the boundary line between the 
United States and Canada. 



The Islands of Lake Champlain lie principally 
in its northern and broader parts. The larger 
ones are North and South Hero and Isle T^a Motte 
which, with others of less note, and witb Alburgh 
Tongue — extending from the north centrally 11 
miles south of the Dominion line — constitute 
Grand Isle, a county belonging to the State of 
Vermont. 

The Rutland Railroad, extending from Bellows 
P'alls on the east and Chatham and White Creek 
at the south, via Rutland to Burlington, and con- 
tinuing to Colchester Point, strikes boldly out into 
Lake Champlain, giving one the novelty of 
sailing over the waters on a railroad train. By 
this long fill of solid rock the south end of South 
Hero is reached. 



166 LAKE CHAMPLAIN 

South Hero, the largest of the islands, is 12 
miles long and fills about one-third the width of 
the lake. Hotels and farm-houses furnish accom- 
modarions at from $7 a week upwards. The sta- 
tion for the southern portion is South Hero, near 
the little hamlet of the same name which is pic- 
turesquely situated on the south side of Keeler's 
Bay. (P. O. South Hero, Vt.). Locust Grove, 
Island House, Squires Spring House and others 
furnish entertainment. The land is rolling, with 
wide spreading orchards, and farms under a high 
state of cultivation. The roads are notably good 
for driving Rnd bicycling. 

oquires' Spring House is about a half mile 
north of South Hero station, it faces east over- 
looking Keeler's Bay. Accommodations are here 
offered for about 50 guests. 

Gordon's Landing is on the west shore of the 
island about 4 miles from Squires' Spring House 
and directly east of the city of Plattsburg to which 
steamboats run daily during the season. Accom- 
modations are offered at the farm house of D. L 
Center for about 20 guests. Four miles north of 
South Hero station is Grand Isle station. 

The Island Villa is on the east side on a point 
extending into the Great Back Bay three miles 
from Grand Isle station (see map, page 118). 
Frank A. Briggs, proprietor. Carriages meet all 
trains, fare 50 cents. 

Ladd's is at the north point of South Hero. Here 
a swinging bridge connects with North Hero open- 
ing to give free passage to the steamboats that 
ply between Plattsburgh and other lake ports 
and the various landings on the Great Back Bay. 



LAKE CHAMPLAIN 161 

North Hero Station is 8 miles north of Grand 
Isle station, near the hamlet of North Hero on 
City Bay, which opens east into Great Back Bay. 
Steamer daily, except Sundays, from this point, 
to Plattsburg. 

The Irving House looks east over this bay. It 
is cozy and inviting with a modest but specially 
w^holesome and inviting table. Rates, $2 per day, 
$10 to $14 per week. J. H. Dodds, proprietor. P. 
O., North Hero. 

All that has been said of the beauty of 
South Hero Island applies with equal 
force to North Hero the character of the 
landpcape in all its fascinating variety being 
much the same, 

Pelotr- Point is on the west shore of North Hero 
Island and here a third crossing of the Lake is 
effected to Alburgh Tongue. 

Isle LaMotte is 9 miles north of Cumberland 
Head. It is 5i/^ miles long by about l^/^ wide. 
About its southern extremity are valuable black 
marble quarries. On its west shore, midway, 
is the site of a fort, built in 1812, and 
near its north end the ruins of Fort St. 
Anne, built in 1766. The postofflce, locat- 
ed centrally, is Isle LaMotte, Vt. Communication 
with the New York shore is had by ferry to Chazy 
Landing and to Alburgh Tongue by bridge at the 
north end of the island (Isle LaMotte station on 
the Rutland Railroad). A number of small inns 
and farm houses, where summer boarders may 
find accommodations, are scattered about North 
Hero, Isle LaMotte, and Alburgh Tongue. 



168 LAKE CHAMPLAIN 

Alburgh Tongue is a broad peninsula^ extending 
into the lake from the north. 

Mburgh Springs is near the east shore of this 
Tongue, a mile north of Aiiburgh Station, 
seven miles east of Rouse's Point 

The Great Back Bay, on the east of these cen- 
tral islands, is a revelation. It might remain un- 
discovered for years by the voyager through from 
north or south if not especially sought for. Glance 
at the map and you will note that it forms b> 
considerable the larger body of the lal<e at ith 
north end. It is entered through the narrow pass 
age between North and South Heio Islands or 
through the long, slim passage at the north. At 
the south it is cut across by Sand-Bar Bridge. At 
the north the water is dotted with numerous 
small islands. East, St. Albans Bay enters deep 
into the mainland. 

Continuing northward around Hog Island 
(made an island by the united waters of Ma- 
quam and Charcoal Creeks) the spreading- delta 
of the Missisquoi River is found. Extends north 
Missisquoi Bay, four miles wide, north into the 
Dominion of Canada an equal distance. Highgate 
Springs is on the shore of the bay, backward 
southeast from the Delta. It is 14 miles north of 
St. Albans and about two miles south of the 
Canada line. 

And here we must say good-bye, and — wnethei 
your course leads westward to the sparkling wa- 
ters that mirror the Thousand Islands; northward 
to the splendors that cluster around Mount Royal 
and the quaint places of Quebec, or eastward, to 
where you lose yourself among the mighty fast- 
nesses of the White Hills of New Hampshire — 
wish you "Bon voyage" and many happy returns 



SARATOGA. 



SARATOGA'S healing waters were known to the 
Red men ages before the European came, but 
the first white man known to have tasted ihem was 
Sir William Johnson, Bart., who heard of the wonder- 
ful cures wrought by "the great medicine spring," 
and in 1767 was borne on the shoulders of men to 
where he saw the sparkling flood bubbling up from 
unknown depths, self-walled in the ages past in the 
wondrous High Rock Spring. 

About twenty years after Johnson's visit a house was 
erected here to provide accommodations for its con- 
stantly increasing number of visitors. In 1 789 Gideon 
Putnam built his log house, and in 1803 opened the 
first hotel, patriotically callmg it *' The Union." It 
was considered a fine house in those days, although 
differing somewhat from the present hotel of the 
same name. 

The water was used only as a medicine in that 
early time but as the village grew and new springs 
were discovered, it became quite fashionable to have 
someincipientailment that necessitated a trip to "the 
Springs," and the di inking of their waters, until at 
last people who cmld not scare up the ghost of an ex- 
cuse forgoing, with unb'ushing effrontery admitted 
that they went simply because they wanted to. And 
to-day Saratoga stands the gayest and most fash- 
ionable resort of culture and refinement among 
watering places on this continent, if not indeed 
in the world. 



176 



SARATOGA SPRINGS 




Higll Rock Spring was the first one known at 
Saratoga. Sir Wm. Johnson drank of its waters in 
. 7&7, and almost everybody who has visited Saratoga 
has taken them since. It is 
an irregular cone-shaped 
rock about four feet in 
height, built up by deposits 
of the water in unnumbered 
years of the past. Wh-m 
General Johnson came, and 
until quite recently, the 
water did not flow over the 
top, although it unquestion- 
ably had at some previous 
time; but a few years since, the owners lifted the 
rock, by a powerful hoisting apparatus, and stopped 
the lateral flow, and now, as of old, the crystal stream 
bubbles up over its miniature crate." Tftc .ock 
weighs several tons, and is composed pn-icipally of 
carbonate of lime. Beneath it were found four logs, 
two of which rested on the other two at right angles, 
and were evidently placed there, with an object, by 
some one. Under this was found seven leet of 
mixed tuffa and muck, then a layer of the rock forma- 
tion two feet thick; then ore foot of muck inclosing 
another log, and below this three feet more of rock, 
while there, seventeen feet beneath the apex of the 
rock, they found the embers and charcoal of an 
ancie7tt fire. A s the formation is similar to that of 
the stalagmite the same course was adopted to dis- 
cover its age It was found to contain eighty-one 
h crs to the inch, and with this as a starting. point 
'he following estim: te hr.s \ een made ; 



SARATOGA SPRINGS 177 

High Rock, cone 4 feet, 80 lines to the inch 3,840 years 

Mixed mucl: and tuffa, 7 feet 4°'^ 

Tuffa 2 feet, 25 lines to the inch 600 " 

Muck, I foot 130 '' 

Tuffa, 2 feet 900 

5,870 " 

Ry whom was the old fire kindled . What ages 
nave passed since its light gleamed out among the 
forests that covered the now busy place ? The In- 
dian traditions of the time when water ran over the 
rim, were misty with age when the white man came; 
beyond that turn back nearly six thousand years and 
we reach the time when Adam wa-i a mere stripling 
and Eve i i her short clothes. We modestly draw the 
curtain ar.d take a drink to her, and the lirst man 
v\ lio could not tell a lie. 

Congress Spring is the oldest known at Sara 
toga, except the High Rock, and was once the 
most popular. 

The Columbian Spring, in Congress Park, a 
few rods from the Congress is a fine chalybeate 
water. 

Tlie Geyser Spring is near Geyser Lake, IV2 
miles south of the village. It was discovered in 
1870, by experimental drilling in the solid rock 
striking the vein at 140 feet below the surface 
It is pleasant to the taste and very cold, being re 
moved but a few degrees from the freezing point 
It is a powerful cathartic, while at the same time 
by proper use its minerals may be retained as a 
tonic. 

The village has a population of about 15,000 
which, in the summer season, is increased to many 
times that number. Its principal street is Broad- 



178 SARATOGA SPRINGS 

way, a beautiful elm and maple shaded avenue, 
running through the center of the village, from 
the plains at the south, up to the gently rising 
ridge of the mountain chain that terminates here. 
Near its southern end are the principal hotels; 
at the north elegant private residences and 
smaller boarding-houses. East, along a lower 
level, is the spring producing section, extending 
from a mile above the village, south to the Con- 
gress, and, in but a few exceptional cases, the 
flow of mineral waters is confined principally 
within this belt. 

Hardly anything in the whole town hints busi- 
ness, except the business of providing pleasures, 
amusements or comforts to the host which comes 
solely on the business of pleasure seeking. 

Saratoga has the largest hotels in the world; 
the most perfectly appointed and the best con- 
ductel. As to their restrivtive merits, opinions 
concerning this delicate point are as diverse as 
the places themselves are varied. 

The United States Hotel, most notable of the 
great houses, is unique in many respects. The 
front on Broadway is 337 feet in length with a 
broad piazza on Division Street, ending at Rail- 
road Place. 

The Worden faces the United States on 
Division Street (the street which leads east from 
the railroad station), its main front being on 
Broadway. The house is a good one, nicely fur- 
nished, and its table excellent. It is open the year 
round, and will accommodate about 300 guests 
J. M. Kelley, proprietor. Rooms en suite with 
bath. Rates $3 to $5 per day; $17. .50 to $3.5 per 
week. Restaurant and grill connected. Especially 
a favorite with autoists and famous for its gath- 
erings in state and national conventions. 



SARATOGA SPRINGS 179 

Hotel American is on Broadway, just south of 
the United States Hotel. It has steam heat, ele- 
vator and modern appliances generally. George 
A. Farnham, proprietor. 

The Grand Union Hotel with all its splendid 
front, its busy stores and its army of employes, 
is just south of the American-Adelphi. 

The famous old Congress Hall, which stood op- 
posite the Grand Union, is no more — butchered 
to make a Federal holiday — absorbed by the 
greedy Government on conservation bent to be 
added to Saratoga's many beautiful parks, uniting 
the famous old Congress Park with the also 
somewhat famous old Canfield Park and Club- 
house for the public good. 
C. Luther, proprietor. 

HOW TO GET THERE. 
How to get to Saratoga and Lake George is a 
question often asked. The Hudson, over whose 
bosom or along whose shores the journey lies, 
is pre-eminent among the rivers of America., all 
of which may be found most entertainingly set 
forth in "The Hudson," by Wallace Bruce. If 
you would retain its features permanently before 
the eye, the "Panorama of the Hudson," by the 
same hand, is an admirable hand-book, a titled 
and indexed picture of both shores, stretching al- 
most its entire navigable length. 

Day Boats on the Hudson, The "Wash- 
ington Irving," "Robert Fulton," "Albanv" 
and "Hendrick Hudson," are splendid spec! 
mens of shipcraft, with steel hulls, 400 feet in 
length, acommodating 4.000 passengers, are the 
fastest steamboats in the world. They were 
built for carrying passengers exclusively. The 
spacious cabins are finished in highly polished 
woods, handsomely paneled, and are furnished 



180 SARATOGA SPRINGS 

luicuriously and adorned with statuary and paint- 
ings. The dining rooms are on the main deck, 
where the traveler can enjoy an excellent din- 
er served on the table d'hote plan, and lose noth- 
ing of the view along the river while so engaged. 
The boats leave New York and Albany at about 
8.30 a. m. daily (Sundays excepted), touching 
at the principal landings on their way, meet near 
Poughkeepsie, and arrive at their destinations at 
about 6 p. m. Fare $2.00. A pleasant feature is 
an orchestra on each steamer. During the season 
fast trains run to and from Saratoga to connect 
with these boats, running through to Lake George. 
F. B. Hibbard, G. P. A., Desbrosses Street Pier, 
New York. See page 2. 

Hudson Navigation Company — This line offers 
to the public the superb night service between 
New York-Albany and Troy, by means of the 
S. S. "Berkshire" and S. S. "C. W. Morse," and 
the boats of the new night express service, the 
"Trojan" and "Rensselaer." The latter leave 
Troy daily at 9 p. m. and Albany at 11 o'clock. 
From New York, 9 p. m. 

The Berkshire and Morse service gives a boat 
from New York every day from Pier 32 — just 
north of Desbrosses street — at 6 p. m. From Al- 
bany daily at 8 p. m. 

The magnificent "Berkshire" is all that could 
be desired by those who desire luxury in travel. 
Dancing may bfe had after 9 in the Ball Room on 
the upper deck of the Berkshire and in the dining 
saloon of the Morse. 

The state roads are magnificent from Albany 
north. Why not take your auto aboard as far 
as Albany — then enjoy your motoring? See 
page 2. 

The Delaware and Hudson Railroad has become 
the most important carrier of summer travel in 



SARATOGA SPRINGS 181 

this section and Is using its great resources most 
energetically and effectively for the development 
of northern New York. Lake George, the most 
beautiful and romantic of American waters, is 
reached by this road only, which touches the lake 
at the south end by one of its branches, and at 
the north end by another branch. By it also, the 
tourists find entrance to the Adirondack Wilder- 
ness, through all the gateways on its eastern bor- 
der, which is the picturesque section of the 
"Great North Woods," to Keene Valley, Lake 
Placid and the Saranac and St. Regis regions. 
During the season of summer traVel ten trains 
run through to Lake George every week day. A 
train with sleepers attached leaves Lake George 
week days at 9 p. m. and on Sunday night at 
10:30, arriving in New York at 7 the next morn- 
ing. M. J. Powers, General Passenger Agent, Gen- 
eral Office at Albany, N. Y. 

The Adirondack Division of the "D. & H." 
system, has its southern terminus at Sara 
toga, and runs across the country, through the 
hills to Corinth, thence up the valley of the upper 
Hudson to North Creek, a distance of 57 miles. 
By this route the Blue Mountain, Raquette and 
the Long Lake regions of the Adirondacks are 
reached. Connections are made at Hadley with 
free carriages to the 7^uzerne hotels; at Riverside 
with automobile stage for Chestertown, Schroon 
Lake and Brant Lake; and at North Creek with 
stages to Minerva and Blue Mountain Lake. Sup- 
plemental to the Adirondack railroad and stage 
line to Blue Mountain Lake is the line of steam 
yachts which run through Blue Mountain, Eagle, 
Utowana and Raquette lakes with their connect 
ing streams, affording one of the most delightful 
excursions. 



182 SARATOGA SPRINGS 

Railroad Excursions. — The principal and most 
delightfully varied one is by rail to Lake George, 
through the Lake by steamer and return by rail 
via Ticonderoga and Lake Champlain. The ruins 
of Fort Ticonderoga are worth a day's visit. Au 
Sable Chasm is one of the wonders of the country 
It should have a part of two days for comfortable 
"doing." For particulars and rates on these and 
other excursions, apply at the local information 
bureai, or send six cents in stamps for "A Sum 
mer Paradise," to M. J. Powers, G. P. A., Albany. 

Tlie Hudson Valley Railroad runs cars from Con 
gress Street north to Glens Falls and Lake 
George and from their station on South Broad- 
way at short intervals to Geyser and past the 
race course to Kaydeross Park. 

Saratoga Lake Branch of the H. V. Rwy. of- 
fers an attractive excursion of local interest and 
a comparatively inexpensive trip. The road 
passes the "Ten Springs," and branching near 
Saratoga Lake, runs east to Schuylerville, and 
south along the east shore of the lake to a junc- 
tion with the main line one mile east of Mecbanic- 
ville. A steamer rims from the lake station to 
White Sulphur Springs and Park 

Quebec Steamship Company to Bermuda. To 
the average person it comes with something of a 
shock to learn that within forty-five hours sail 
from New York lies a summer playground whose 
beauties almost baffle description. We have got- 
ten into the habit of thinking of Bermuda as a 
Winter resort, but every year it is visited by 
thousands during the summer months and is be- 
coming more and more popular. It is cooler than 
some of the Middle Atlantic coast resorts. 

When you plan your summer vacation, next 
time let Bermuda come to your mind and write to 
the Quebec Steamship Co. for information con- 
cerning this Atlantic Paradise. See rage 3. 



188 

GUIDE BOOKS and MAPS 

Published by S. R. STODDARD, Glens Falls, N. Y. 

THE ADIRONDACKS ILLUSTRATED, 16 mo., 

issued annually; 288 pages. Paper 25 cents. 
Gives routes, railroad, steamboat and stage fares; 
hotel rates, etc. By mail 30 cents. 

LAKE GEORGE AND LAKE CHAMPLAIN, 
historical and descriptive, 16 mo., 224 pages. 
Paper 25 cents. Contains sectional maps of the 
two lakes and cuts of mountains, islands, etc., as 
seen from the passing steamer. By mail 30 cents 

MAP OF THE ADIRONDACK WILDERNESs! 
Pocket edition on map-bound paper. Cloth cover, 
with complete index of places, lakes, mountains 
and rivers, $1.00. Paper (without the index), 50 
cents. 

"It is the most complete map of the Adirondack 
region ever published." — Forest and Stream. 

AUTOMOBILE TRIPS. A road map covering 
the Champlain Valley and the whole Western and 
Eastern Adirondacks from Albany to the Domin- 
ion Line, distinguishing important roads, with 
conditions for the current year. Illustrated with 
views of hotels, giving rates for board, etc., in 
two colors — 50 cents. 

MAP OF LAKE CHAMPLAIN. Scale 21/2 miles 
to an inch, with smaller maps of the Richelieu 
River, and route and distances to important 
points. 25 cents. 

MAP OF LAKE GEORGE. Scale 1 mile to an 
inch. Approved and adopted by the N. Y. State 
Engineer and Surveyor in 1880. 25 cents. 

CHART OF LAKE GEORGE. Hydrographic 
Survey of 1906-7-8, shows measurements up to 6 
feet on shaded surface, with approximate deeper 
soundings throughout the entire lake. Scale, 3 
inches to the mile. Price, $5.00. 



]S4 



Hudson Valley Railway Co. 

Tho most ideal route from 

ALBANY AND TROY 

through the picturesque and historic valley of the 

Hudson to 

Wa'erford, Mechanicville, Round Lake, 

Ballston, 

Saratoga Springs 

Stillwater, Schuylerville, Greenwich, Fort Edward, 

Hudson Falls, Glens Falls, 

Lake George 

and Warrensburg 

traversing 

The Battlefields of Saratoga 

and Lake George and the route of 

Burgoyne's March. 



Time Tables and oth.sr information cheen'ully 
furnished. 



A. J. SELLECK, General Passenger Agt 

GLENS FAI,I,S, N. Y. 



185 

Lake Champlain and 
Lake George 

"THE HISTORIC GATEWAY" 

The attractive tourist route to or from the Aa 
irondack, White and Green Mountain resorts, Sa? 
atoga Springs, IVIontreal and Canada. 

D. & H. morning train from Saratoga Spring.-, 
Albany and points south connect at Lal^e Geoigt 
station with steamer through Lake George ano 
Lake Champlain, due at Plattsburg 7:00 p. m. anu 
connecting with train for Montrael. 

The lake steamers are new, large vessels bui'. 
tor comfortable pleasure travel, with latest an^l 
hnest equipment. 

DELICIOUS MEALS IN MAIN DECK DINING 
ROOM. 

The daylight trip over these beautiful, histori'; 
lakes is long to be remembered. 

Tickets on sale at all tourists agencies ami 
ticket offices throughout the country. 

Send 2 cents postage for colored map folder 
with time table. New York office 1354 Broadway 

M. J. POWERS, 

Gen. Pass. Agent. D. A. Loom is. 

Champlain Transportation Co. Gen. Manager. 
Lalce George Stearaboni ( o 



18G 




The 

DELAWARE 
and HUDSON 



THE LEADING TOURIST LINE OF AMERICA 

THE SHORTEST AND MOST PICTURESQUE 
ROUTE BETV>/EEN 

New York and Montreal 

Xew standard-gauge, througii-car line tc Lake 
Placid, Saranac Lake and intermediate Adiron- 
dack mountain points. Cafe or dining-cars on day 
crains. Through parlor and sleeping cars. 

THE ONLY DIRECT LINE TO 

Saratoga Springs, Lake George, Lake Champlain, 
Hotel Champlain, Adirondack Mountains, Au 
Sable Chasm, Sharon Springs and Cooperstown. 

SUMMER EXCURSION TICKETS 

on sale AT ALL TOURIST AGENCIES and ticket 
offices. New York City OfflcG, 1354 Broadway. 

Send 6 cents postage for "A Summer Paradise," 
300-page illustrated guide with hotel directory, etc. 

M. J. POWERS, 
Gen'l PassV Agt. 

Albany, N. Y. 



187 

STODDARD'S 
Chart of Lake George 

From Hydrographic Survey of 1906-7-8. 

Indicacing in varying shades subsurface sound- 
ings up to six feet in depth with deeper measure- 
ments on white outside the six-foot contour, and 
in brown showing visible and land features above. 

The regular steamboat channels and courses 
are clearly shown and outline sketches of islands 
and mountains from indicated points of view are 
given. 

The scale is three inches to one mile, on 
tough linen paper eight feet long, folded accord- 
eon fashion between board covers to open like 
leaves of a book or rolled as may be desired. 

The price is five dollars, express paid. 

S. R. STODDARD 

GLENS FALLS, N. Y. 



188 



IRVING H. KLAPPER 

Garage and Repair Shop 

Full Line c f Tires and Auto Accessories 
Gasoline and Oils 

24 Sanford St., (rear) Glens Falls, N. Y. 

Bell Phone, 242 



THE AUSABLE INN, On Lake Champlain, 

PORT KENT, N. Y. 




M. E. & D. A. WEATHERWAX, Props. 
A Resting Place for the Traveller. Homelike, Delightful. A 
Beautiful Location Just Above the Lake. Te'ephene, Livery. 
Rates $2.00 to $2.50 per day. 




TREMBLEAU HALL 

Farrell & Adgate, Proprietors 
Port Kent, Essex Co., N. Y. 

Accommodates 125. $3.00 and upwards per day, 

$15.75 to $21 per week, special rates for 

early spring and fall. 

The House is beautifully situated on a bluff 
overlooking Lake Champlaln. 

Hot and cold water baths on each floor. 
3-4 mile from station; 1-2 mile from steamboat 
landing; bus meets all trains and boats, 
long distance telephone; livery attached. 

Cottages to rent and for sale, 

GARAGE 

A short distance from Au Sable Chasm. 



190 



THE HILLSIDE 

HAGUE-ON-LAKE GEORGE, N. Y. 




Under present management for 35 years. A 
well conducted, clean, home-like hotel, catering to 
people of refinement. Situated about 400 feet from 
the shore on high ground, overlooking one of the 
loveliest portions of the lake; excellent table 
supplied with fresh eggs, vegetables, etc., from 
the hotel farm, mountain spring water; acetylene 
lighting, modern plumbing, hot and cold bath, iron 
fire escapes from each floor, and automatic fire 
alarm system throughout. Wide piazzas and 
shady lawn, with many charming nooks for ham- 
mocks; a beautiful mountain brook flows through 
the grounds. Boating, bathing, fishing, tennis, 
bowling, music by violin and piano; automobile 
parties to Ft. Ticonderoga and other points of his- 
toric interest, garage, driving, walks amid charm- 
ing lake and mountain scenery. 

Accommodates 80 guests. Rates $12-17 per week, 
$2.50 per day. Special rates for June and Septem- 
ber. Booklet upon application. 

JOHN MAC CLANATHAN, Prop. 



HOTEL MARION 

LAKE GEORGE, N. Y. 

Located on the west side of Lake George, at the 
base of Mountain Bluff 5 1-2 miles from the head. 

All steamboats land at Marion dock. 

Delightful groves, shaded walks and beautiful 
drives. 

Directly on state road from Ticonderoga to Lake 
George. 

Very large sleeping rooms with or without pri- 
vate baths. 

SERVICE THE BEST OBTAINABLE. 

Sanitation as near perfect as science can produce. 

Electric bells and lights, gas, elevator, postoffice, 

telegraph and telephone in the house. 

FINEST GOLF LINKS ALONG THE LAKE. 

Tennis grounds, croquet, boating, fishing, bowling, 
driving. 
Book of particulars upon application. 
Rates: $3.00 up per day; $20 and up per week 
single; $38 to $50 double. Bath extra. New 
Garage. 

Member of American Motor League. 

JOS. H. MARVEL, PropT. 



192 



THE WORDEN, Saratoga Springs 

Broadway, Cor. Division Street. 

iJiieetly opposite United States Hotel, Elevatoi 
and steam heat. Capacity 300. Table excellent 
Rates $3.00 to $5.00 per day; $17.50 to $35.00 per 
week. Open year around. Restaurant and grill 
connected. 

J. M. KELLEY, Proprietor. 




TROUT PAVILION 

TROUT PAVILION— George H. Cronkhite, Own- 
er and Proprietor, Kattskill Bay, East Lake 
George. Rates, $2 to $3 per day, $12 to $15 per 
week. Special for families or long stay. 



193 

The Lake View House 

Bolton- on- Lake George 

10 Miles From Caldwell. Accommodates 100 

Long distance telephone in the House. Terms: 
$12 to $17.50 per week. Transient, $2.50 to $3.00 
per day. Tennis, boating, bathing, etc. Good 
roads for cycling and autoing, free transporta- 
tion from Bolton Landing to Lake View dock. 

"Just a plain, old-fashioned house, where the 
young people may enjoy themselves and quiet 
people take comfort." 

New Grill. For booklet address, 

B. A. MOREY, Prop'r. 

THE TROUT HOUSE 

HAGUE-ON-LAKE GEORGE 

RICHARD J. BOLTON, Proprietor 

Located on one of the finest sites at Hague. 
Comands a beautiful view of the lake and moun- 
tains north, east and south. 

Excellent Hunting and Fishing. Boats to Rent 
with Fisherman in Attendance. The Best Fish- 
ing Wiaters in Lake George within 15 Minutes 
Row of the House. 

Free 'bus to and from landing. Long Distance 
Telephone in the house. 

Address — Richard J. Bolton, Hague, N. Y. 



194 

Sabbath Day Point House 

AND COTTAGES 

On rising ground 200 feet from the lake; com 
mands most magnificent view of the lake, north 
and south, all steamers land. Will accommodate 
100 guests. Cool parlors and music room; 200 
feet of broad piazzas. Telegraph and long distance 
telephone in house. Two mails and steamers daily 
Mountain rpring water. Fresh vegetables, milk, 
cream, butter and eggs from the farm of 500 
acres belonging to the estate. Lawn tennis, cro 
quet, boating, fishing, delightful drives and moun- 
tain climbing. 

Rates: Jf2.50 and upward per day: $12 and up- 
ward per week. Boats $3.00 per week. Open 
June to Oc ober. Address F. A. CARNEY, 

Sabbath Day Point, N. Y. 

HOTEL PHOENIX 

HAGUE ON LAKE GEORGE, N. Y. 

Beautifully situated on the shores of the Lake 
offering every advantage to Summer visitors. 

All sports as motoring, fishing, boating, dancing, 
tennis, billiards, beautiful walks and drives. 
Hotel is supplied with purest mountain spring 
water, fruit and vegetables from Hotel Garden 

Rates $12.00 a week and $2.50 by the day. 

Reduced Rates in June and September. 

Special Dinners for Automobile parties. Livery. 

Touring Car for hire. Write for booklet to 

SUMSER & BAUERFEIND, Proprs 



195 



THE WESTPORT INN 

WESTPORT, on Lake Champlain, N. Y. 
Open June 15. Close Oct. 1. H. P. SMITH, Mgr. 

A thoroughly well appointed house, with good 
table, r:ountain spring water and excellent drain- 
age, wide piazzas, v/ith a superb view of the Lake 
and Mountains. 

Capacity 150. Rates, $4 per day; $17.50 to $35 
per week. 

It is within two minutes walk of the Lake 
Champlain Transportation Company's wharf, two 
minutes from the Library and Postoffice and ten 
minutes drive from the Depot of the D. & H. 

Golf Club House with Billiard and Poo! Tables 
and Shower Baths. 

Champlain steamers land at foot of grounds four 
times daily. Convenient excursions on lake. 



Rogers Rock Hotel 




ROGERS ROCK 

Two Mountains in Grounds 

A mile and a halt of Lake Tront 
Five miles of Paths and Tii^ils with 205 
seats and bjnch.s 
Extensive (hardens and Lawns 
Excellent Cuisine and Service 
Boats. Bowling. Billiards, Tenuis. Garaep 



"Old and Tried" A. D. 1846 



S>Piii^ 



Insurance Co. 

GLENS FALLS, N. Y. 

Assets $5,719,167. Surplus to Policy Holders $2,985,505. 

Fire — Automobile — Tornado Insurance 



197 



EVERYTHING THATS DESIRABLE at 
Uie WORDEN, Lake George 



E. J 
WORDEN 

Proprietor 



^fM 



RATE 

J3.50 perday 




^T^MWHMH 



«i^^ 



Island Harbor 

HAGUE, N. Y. 

B. A. CLIFTON, Proprietor 

The Ideal Fishing Resort of Lake George 

Rates $2. 50 Up 



PEARL POINT 

LAKE GEORGE, N. Y. 

J. S. and H. R. Stuart, Proprietors. 

The only hotel in the Narrows. A first class 
family hotel. 

The finest boating and canoeing among the 
•Hundred Islands," where sailng may be best en- 
joyed and safest in all weathers. 

KNOW.N AT LAKE GEORGE AS "POPULAR 
PEARL POINT." 

Terms on application. Tennis. Modern danc- 
ing. 

Open June to September 15. 

J. SUTHERLAND STUART, Manager, 
P. O., Shelving Rock, N. Y. 



RISING HOUSE 

BYRON A. RISING, Owner and Proprietor,, Hague- 
on-Lake George, N. Y. Accommodates 100. Terms 
$12.50 and upward per week, transient $2.50 per 
day. A modern hotel; sanitary plumbing; abund- 
ant baths; livery, good fishing, boating, bathing 
beach, modern dancing, etc. Superb location. 
House stands on high ground 100 feet from lake, 
giving one of the finest views on Lake George. 
Mountain spring water. Telegraph and four daily 
mails. Long distance telephone. New tennis 
court. Good garage. Open June to September 15. 
Write for illustrated book. 



199 

GOITC'G to SfPEND YOUR VACATION OIV BEAUTI- 
FUL, L.AKE GEORGE? WHY PAY EXCESSIVE 
HOTEL RATES? WHY NOT SPEND YOUR VACA- 
TION AT THE MOHICAN HOUSE? RATES $10.50 
TO $17.50. 

Mohican House and Annex is located on the west shore of 
Lake George at Uncas, mdway between Sabbath Day Pt. 
and Slver Bay, on main thoroughfare, ^sew York to Mont- 
real. The lake Is about one mile wide at this point, one of 
the beauty spots of Lake George. Accommodates 125. 
Beautiful views, summer sports for the young people. Mu- 
sic hall, ladies' orchestra, dancing, concerts, masquerades, 
pool, billiards, tennis, baseball, 3 launches for charter, 
autos for hire, fleet of easy row boats and canoes for hire. 
Fine sloping sand beach. The Mohican House is supplied 
with pure mountain sprng water on premses. Excellent 
table, home cooking, vegetables fresh every day from our 
own truck garden. Milk, cream, butter, eggs, fowls, veal 
and lambs direct from the local farmer. Long distance tel- 
ephone and telegraph. Four mails daily. Open stone and 
brick fireplace in ofRce and parlor. Sanitary plumbing 
throughout. Hot and cold baths. Fire escapes and fire 
protections. Steamers stop at Uncas. New illustrative 
booklet. Special indusements to parties in June. Septem- 
ber and October. SMITH SEXTON, U n cas-on-Lake George. 

GLENBURNIE INN AND COTTAGES 







i 



J 



The beautiful 
Glenburnie Es- 
tate of nearly 
500 acres . 

Glenburnie 
has the only 
public golf 
r(i\irse on Lake 
(J.M.rge. 

'i'wo clay Ten- 
uis'/ 'ourts. 
^ Terms: $14.00 
^ to S25.00 per 



•M week. 



HENRY L. MESSNER, Propr. 
Glenburine-on-Lake George, N. Y. 



2(10 



^ImB Jails ®tm?s 

Largest and Most Complete 

Newspaper and Job Printing Plant 

Between Albany and Montreal 



•^ 



HIGH GRADE WORK 

AT REASONABLE PRICES 



^ 



Glens Falls Publishing Co, 

GLENS FALLS. N. Y. 



201 



PRESTIGE 

JUST as we affiliate with a certain 
Church or Lodge, so do we eventually 
pin our Faith to some one store, in which 
to do the bulk of our trading. 
It Is Both Right and Fair that 

GOODSON'S 

should enjoy this Prestige, for as you 
come to know this Store better, your 
interest in it increases, and Develops — 

IT BECOMES YOUR STORE IN 
MORE WAYS THAN ONE 

GOODSON'S 

GLENS FALLS, - NEW YORK 



203 

THE—— 

Lake George Mirror 

Devoted to the Interests of the 

"QUEEN OF THE AMERICAN LAKES" 

AND ITS ASSOCIATED RESORTS 
The Only Summer Resort Paper in the Adirondacks 

Issued weekly for 12 weeks of the summer at the 
Village of Lake George, N. Y. Subscription price, 
$1.00 per season. The Lake George Printing Co., 
Owners. Edward A. Knight, Editor and Manager. 

Everyone Reads the ** Mirror**. Try It. 



The People's Railway Guide 

THE RED BOOK 

Contains Time Tables of all near steam 
lines in the most convenient form. It is 
issued monthly; price 10 cents, or sent 
postpaid to subscribers at $1 per annum. 
For sale on all trains and news stands, 
or send 10 cents in stamps to Fred C. 
Foster, Publisher, Albany, N. Y. 



303 



In Meditemmeaa Lands." 




A BOOK OF PICTURES. 



T' 



BY S. R STODDARD. 

Jelling the story of the Cruise of 
the "Friesland " in 1893 from 
New York, taking in the Beimu- 
das, Gibralter, Spain from Mala- 
ga to Granada, the Alhambra; 
Algiers, Egypt. Alexandria, Cairo 
the PyrainiJs,the Nile to Mem- 
phis ; the Holy Land, Jerusalem 
to the Dead Sea, Valley of the 
Jordan, Northern Palestine, Asia 
Minor; Athens, Constantinople, 
Nap'es, Rome, Florence, Venice, 
through Switzerland, Paris and 
London. Sixty full page illu?- 
''"- trations in half tone, and over 

three hundred smaller views 
Royal octavo, bronzed cloth cover. Price ^$3.50 .ax- 
press paid 

Glens Falls Daily Times.— "The recollection of a time 
of leisurely journeyinifs, pleasant companionship, 
golden days, and memories of scenes amongst which 
faith and art and poetry were born, preserved forever 
by the sunshine's magic and chronicled by a pen 
which is both witty and wise. Such a inemento of a 
winter's trip to the summer worla which liesalong the 
Mediterranean is the beautiful volume, written and 11 
lustrated by S. R. Stoddard.^' 

New York Mail and Express. — "'In Mediterranean 
Lands,' by S, R. Stoddard, stands pre-eminent among 
the many books of Eastern travel, by reason of its de- 
lightfully easy way of conducting its readers, in- 
structively through foreign lands, and by the un- 
failing sense of humor so quaintly expressed. The 
book reminds one of D'Amicis's famous books on trav- 
el in Eastern lands. As an illustrator, Mr. Stoddard 
has no peor. His artistic books on the Adirondacks 
and Lake George will be remembered gratefully by 
all 'overs of the picturesque and beautiful." 



204 



Under the Midnight Sun, 

A BOOK OF PICTURES, 
By S. R. Stoddard. 




c 



'ONTAINS 340 illustratioas 
from photographs by the 
author, diagrams, maps, 
etc. It tells the story of a 
cruise made in 1897 through 
the Orkney, Shetland, and 
Faroe Islands to Iceland with 
its quaint ci-'ilization of a 
thousand years; shows Nor- 
way with its tiny farms, sub- 
aqueous hay fields, aerial mUk 
routes, funny laplanders and 
fisher-folk, its dark fjords, 
lovely dais, misty fosses and 
gleaming braes: follows the 
failing vegetation of the north 
to where it vanishes beyond 
the Arctic Circle and shows 
over the top of the earth; the 
passingof the Midnight Sun. It gives the Royal sights 
of Copenhagen; Stockholm with its old and new; Rus- 
sianized Finland, St. Petersburg to Moscow and the way 
between with passing glimpses of the misunderstood 
Russian of today. 

The book was issued originally in an Edition de 
Luxe for a limited number of subscribers at $12.00 each. 
In its present f o .-m it is identically the same in illustra- 
tions, matter ard size of page (260 pages, 9x12 inches) 
printed on a lighter though equally fine coated paper 
and bound in cloth. It will be delivered, express paid, 
to any part of the United States on receipt of $2.50. 
Address S. R. STODDARD, Publishir. Glens I^alls, N.y. 



INDEX 

Alburgh Tongue 172 

Arnold's Battle 157 

AuSable Chasm 156 

Baldwin 117 

Battle of Lake George 14 

Bloody Pond 43 

Battle Monument 21 

Boats and Provisions 8 

Bolton 74 

Camping Out 7 

Champlain Lake 121 

Clothing . 8 

Crown Point, Ruins 139 

Down the Lake 59 

Ethan Allen 133 

Five Nations 12 

Fishing • • 9 

Fort Gage 73 

Fort George 19 

Fort Frederick 141 

Fort Ticonderoga 127 



INDEX 

Fort William Henry Massacre 15 

GLENS FALLS 25 

Great Back Bay 173 

Hague 102 

Hulett's Landing 91 

Hunting 10 

HOTELS. See description, also ads. 185 to 204 

ISLANDS OF LAKE CHAMPLAIN 170 

Isle LaMotte .' 172 

North Hero • • 171 

South Hero 170 

Valcour 157 

ISLANDS OF LAKE GEORGE 8 

Floating Battery Island 87 

Fourteen Mile Island 78 

Half Way Island • 86 

Harbor Islands 88 

Long Island 63 

Recluse Island • 67 

Vicar's Island 89 

Jogues, Father 10 

LAKE GEORGE— Discovery 10 

Names 11 

Lord Howe • 118 

MAPS, Lake George. Index 2 



INDEX 

Caldwell 45 

To Phelps Point GO 

To Mother Bunch 69 

To Friends Point 92 

To Ticonderoga . . ■ • 103 

The Narrows 82 

MAPS, Lake Champlain. Index 120 

Whitehall to Ticonderoga 125 

Ti. to Westport 126 

Westport to Burlington 146 

To St. Albans Bay 152 

To Dominion Line 168 

Montcalm, Marquis de 15 

Montcalm Landing 119 

MOUNTAINS. Anthony's Nose 112 

Black Mountain 85, 94 

Defiance Mountain 117 

Deer's Leap 90 

Elephant, The 94 

Prospect Mountain 47 

Rogers Rock Mountain 112, 115 

Tongue Mountain 78 

Twin Mountains 95 

North Hero 171 

North West Bay 77 



INDEX 

Paradise Bay 84 

Plattsburgh 161 

Port Henry 145 

Port Kent 155 

RAILROADS: 

"D. & H." The 123 

Hudson Valley 48 

Roads and Drives 47 

Rogers Slide 112 

Rouses Point 169 

Ticonderoga Ruins in 1873 137 

Sabbath Day Point 95 

SARATOGA 169 

How to get there 179 

Hotels 146 

Excursions, R. R 182 

Mineral Springs 176 

Silver Bay 101 

South Hero 170 

Split Rock 149 

STEAMBOATS, Lake George 53 

Lake Champlain 124 

TICONDEROGA . •• 127 

Lake Station 119 

Valcour, Battle of 125 



INDEX 

Williams' Monument 39 

Hotels. See pages 188 to 199. 

Railroads. D. & H 186 

Hudson Valley 184 

Steamboats. Day Line, H. R Inside front cover 

Ocean trips Inside front cover 

Lake Champlain and Lake George 187 

Glens Falls Insurance Co 196 

Publications, Glens Falls Times 200 

Guide Books, Maps 183 



STOP AND THINK 

What it means to travel in Luxurious 
Comfort from 

New York to Albany 

ON YOUR WAY TO 

SARATOGA, LAKE GEORGE, LAKE 
CHAMPLAIN or the ADIRONDACKS 

If you would travel amid surroundings that 
represent the superlative tone in river craft, it 
must be in one of two ways; — either by the 
superb night service offered by the 

Hudson Navigation Company 

Or by the Luxuriously Equipped 
Boats of the 

Hudson River Day Line 

Travel over either of these lines to or from 
New York, Albany and points north means that 
you will make a "PLEASURE TRIP" of 
your journey. 

For details see front pages of this book. 



"b 



1 



■5 



i 
I 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 



014 107 611 5 



SiPORT 
NAVIGATION COMMIHE 

Sept. i, 1910 

CHARTING— We found that a 
careful survey of the Lake had 
bean recanlly mad<9 k'y private 
eni'.erprlee» the rotiulttt of which 
appeared latt nront^ in a oha^ 
pub^iLhttcf b/ S. It. Btodd&rd of 
Clone Falls 

We have examined this chart 
thorouiihly, visiting i <7onti(JerabIe 
r^art of th« Lake, taking jsoundtmis 
anjA bearings of variniif^ reefs pai-t- 
if' to verify Kf but e»pfecialky to 
farm »n accurate, judgnient of the 
points of Jangfir fttquiring ma*l*- 
tug, and wi^ are to tmpressmi w^tti 
its ciearnns and aaturacy that '<w<» 
fuel tht.t in t^is dlrsotion <«ur work 
it dore. 

8ignr.d. C. O. Kimball, 
H. V/. Haj'dei, 
Ac t. .jydio'), 
H. W. Watrouw, 
M. P. Harris. 



M 



««KiHi>Se>WiSF@»«iS>@>«) 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 

III 




0014107 611 5 



